Companies

A research institute at the University of Washington, founded in 2012 and led by David Baker, that designs new proteins for medicine and technology; its labs produced RoseTTAFold and, it says, the first computationally designed vaccine.

Research historyDeep learningScience

Intel is a semiconductor company. Its 2017 purchase of Mobileye, later partly floated, and its decision to keep Falcon Shores as an internal test chip show how it enters and steps back from adjacent markets.

EnterpriseHardware & computeData & datasets

ICLR is an annual machine learning conference held in late April or early May, founded in 2012 by Yann LeCun and Yoshua Bengio, and known for its open peer review process.

Research historyDeep learningScience

ICML is the annual International Conference on Machine Learning, held every year since 1980 and organized by the International Machine Learning Society. It is the oldest of the field's main conferences and one of its three most influential venues.

Research historyDeep learningScience

The International Energy Agency is a Paris-based intergovernmental organisation founded in 1974 to respond to oil supply disruptions. It publishes the annual World Energy Outlook and, since 2024, has run work on energy and AI.

Data & datasetsScienceCloud

IJCAI is a non-profit corporation founded in California in 1969 for scientific and educational purposes; it runs the IJCAI conference series (biennial in odd years from 1969, annual since 2015) and publishes a journal and proceedings.

Research historyEnterpriseScience

Isomorphic Labs is an AI drug discovery company launched out of DeepMind and dated to 2021, building the IsoDDE platform and working with Novartis, Eli Lilly and Johnson & Johnson.

EnterpriseDeep learningScience

Kairos Power, founded in 2016, is an American company developing a fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor using TRISO fuel. It is building the Hermes demonstration reactor in Tennessee and plans 500 MW of projects with Google by 2035.

Hardware & computeCloudIndustrial automation

Kunlunxin is the AI chip company spun out of Baidu in April 2021, continuing Baidu's Kunlun chip line. It designs processors for AI workloads in data centres and is one of China's largest domestic AI chip suppliers.

ChinaEnterpriseDeep learning

Liquid AI is an MIT CSAIL spin-out that calls itself an efficiency-first foundation model company, arguing that models should run on local devices; its LFM3-Omni-2B is an omni-modal model published in October 2026.

Large language modelsFoundation modelsMultimodal

Founded in 2000 as the Singularity Institute, MIRI is a Berkeley nonprofit that was among the first to treat artificial intelligence risk as a technical research problem, and now advocates halting work on smarter-than-human AI.

Research historySafety & governanceScience

MetaX is a Shanghai-based GPU chip company founded in September 2020 that designs full-stack GPU chips and solutions; it is counted among China's four leading GPU startups and listed on the STAR Market in December 2025.

ChinaEnterpriseHardware & compute

Mobileye makes camera-based vision chips and software for cars, from basic driver assistance up to systems for driverless vehicles; its EyeQ chips have shipped in hundreds of millions of vehicles.

EnterpriseRoboticsHardware & compute

METR is a Berkeley-based nonprofit that evaluates frontier AI models on long-horizon agentic tasks, publishes capability metrics and incident investigations, and works with AI developers on pre-deployment assessments and safeguards.

Agents & tool useSafety & governanceScience

MBZUAI, the Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, is a graduate AI university in Abu Dhabi, founded in 2019. It hosts the Institute of Foundation Models, which builds the K2, Jais and PAN model lines.

Large language modelsOpen sourceFoundation models

Chinese GPU company Moore Threads, founded in 2020 by former Nvidia China head Zhang Jianzhong, sells AI accelerator cards, servers and clusters built on its MUSA architecture. It listed on the STAR Market in 2025 and is growing fast while still loss-making.

ChinaEnterpriseDeep learning

The National Development and Reform Commission is a ministerial-level department of China's State Council that drafts and implements economic and social development plans, manages investment and coordinates macro-economic policy. It descends from the State Planning Commission established in 1952.

ChinaInteroperabilityIndustrial automation

NIST is a U.S. federal physical science laboratory founded in 1901 and now part of the Department of Commerce, which works on measurement science, standards and technology — and has recently become the home of the government's AI safety and evaluation work.

Safety & governanceData & datasetsInteroperability

NVIDIA is the company that created the GPU in 1999 and, through the CUDA architecture and the chips behind AlexNet, became a central supplier of computing power for modern AI.

Deep learningHardware & computeDeveloper tools

NVIDIA Research is the research arm of the chipmaker NVIDIA, founded in 2006 with more than 200 scientists. It leads work on AI, self-driving cars, high-performance computing and graphics, and it builds the company's open Nemotron language models.

Open sourceFoundation modelsRobotics