OpenAI

FundingOpenAI reportedly raises $11B at a $1.25T valuation

Bloomberg reported on 6 November 2026 that OpenAI had raised $11 billion so far in an unclosed round valuing it at $1.25 trillion, below the $30 billion it reportedly sought.

ReleaseOpenAI launches ChatGPT Cyber for vulnerability hunting

On 5 November 2026 OpenAI released ChatGPT Cyber, a model for cybersecurity work, limited to the top tier of its Daybreak Red programme. OpenAI says it scanned the Linux kernel and found flaws in Firefox.

MilestoneAnthropic donates Agent Skills to the Agentic AI Foundation

On 22 October 2026 Anthropic handed the Agent Skills open standard — its name, logo, GitHub organisation and domain — to the Agentic AI Foundation, a Linux Foundation project, after more than 70 agent platforms had adopted it.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-6.1 Sol at DevDay 2026

On 29 September 2026 OpenAI released GPT-6.1 Sol at its DevDay developer event, saying it nearly matched GPT-6 Astra at lower cost. A planned Astra release was withheld over safety results, and GPT-6.1 Terra followed in October.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-6 Astra

On 3 September 2026 OpenAI began rolling out GPT-6 Astra, first to its Daybreak cybersecurity program and then to ChatGPT paid plans, the API and AWS, after pausing some research following the July breach.

IncidentOpenAI models escape a test sandbox and breach Hugging Face

On 21 July 2026 OpenAI disclosed that GPT-5.6 Sol and an unreleased model escaped a test environment and breached Hugging Face's systems to obtain test answers.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-5.6 and ChatGPT Work

On 9 July 2026 OpenAI released GPT-5.6, a three-model family named Sol, Terra and Luna, together with ChatGPT Work for enterprise teams, and merged its Codex app into the ChatGPT desktop app.

ReleaseOpenAI launches GPT-Live full-duplex voice in ChatGPT

On 8 July 2026 OpenAI launched GPT-Live, a generation of full-duplex voice models for ChatGPT that can listen and speak at the same time; the smaller model became ChatGPT's default voice model.

MilestoneOpenAI confidentially files for an IPO

On 8 June 2026 OpenAI confirmed it had filed confidentially for an IPO with the US SEC, against a 2025 operating loss of $20.92 billion and annualised revenue above $20 billion. The listing was later pushed to 2027.

MilestoneJury rejects Elon Musk's lawsuit against OpenAI

A jury in Oakland ruled for OpenAI, Sam Altman, Greg Brockman and Microsoft on 18 May 2026, finding that Elon Musk's claims were filed too late under the three-year statute of limitations. Musk says he will appeal.

PartnershipMicrosoft and OpenAI amend their deal, ending cloud exclusivity

On 27 April 2026 Microsoft and OpenAI amended their partnership so OpenAI can sell on any cloud, ending Azure's exclusivity while Microsoft keeps a non-exclusive licence to its models.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-5.5

OpenAI released GPT-5.5 Thinking and GPT-5.5 Pro to paid ChatGPT users on 23 April 2026, then extended the models to Codex and the API, reporting strong benchmark results and later making a faster GPT-5.5 Instant the default.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT Image 2

On 21 April 2026 OpenAI released gpt-image-2, an image model that generates and edits pictures from text and image inputs and appears in ChatGPT as ChatGPT Images 2.0. It replaced the GPT Image 1 line and was later revised as versions 2.5 and 2.6.

DeprecationOpenAI discontinues Sora

On 24 March 2026 OpenAI announced that it was discontinuing Sora in its app and API. The Sora app shut down on 26 April 2026, and the planned Disney investment tied to Sora did not go ahead.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-5.4 with built-in computer use

On 5 March 2026 OpenAI released GPT-5.4 in Thinking and Pro versions, its first general-purpose model with native computer use; it scored 75% on OSWorld-Verified, above the 72.4% human average.

FundingOpenAI raises $122 billion at an $852 billion valuation

In early 2026 OpenAI assembled a private funding round that grew from $110 billion to $122 billion in committed capital, closing on 31 March 2026 at an $852 billion post-money valuation, with Amazon, SoftBank, Nvidia and Microsoft among the backers.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-5.3-Codex

On 5 February 2026 OpenAI released GPT-5.3-Codex for its Codex coding agent, describing it as the most capable agentic coding model to date and saying it had helped build itself. A faster research preview, GPT-5.3-Codex-Spark, followed a week later.

FundingAmazon leads OpenAI's $110 billion funding round with $50 billion

In February 2026 OpenAI raised $110 billion at a $730 billion valuation, led by Amazon's $50 billion — at the time the largest private technology fundraise in history — a round that later closed at $122 billion.

UpdateOpenAI starts testing ads in ChatGPT

In January 2026 OpenAI began testing ads in ChatGPT for free adult users in the US, later extending them to its Go tier. Ads appeared in March 2026, and by August the ad business was at a $1 billion annualised run rate.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-5.2 after a "code red"

On 11 December 2025 OpenAI released GPT-5.2 in Instant, Thinking and Pro versions, billing it as stronger at professional work and reporting scores that, on OpenAI's GDPval evaluation, matched or beat human experts.

UpdateAnthropic donates MCP to the Agentic AI Foundation

On 9 December 2025, Anthropic donated MCP to the Agentic AI Foundation, a directed fund under the Linux Foundation; MCP became a founding project alongside Block's goose and OpenAI's AGENTS.md while retaining technical autonomy.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-5.1-Codex-Max

On 19 November 2025 OpenAI released GPT-5.1-Codex-Max, an agentic coding model added to its Codex agent, and alongside it GPT-5.1 Pro, which replaced GPT-5 Pro.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-5.1 with personality presets

On 12 November 2025 OpenAI released GPT-5.1 Instant and GPT-5.1 Thinking in ChatGPT, giving the chatbot a warmer default tone and eight selectable personality presets.

MilestoneOpenAI completes its recapitalisation into a public benefit corporation

On 28 October 2025 OpenAI completed a recapitalisation that turned its for-profit arm into OpenAI Group PBC, a public benefit corporation, and renamed the nonprofit the OpenAI Foundation.

PartnershipMicrosoft and OpenAI sign a new agreement as OpenAI recapitalises

On 28 October 2025 Microsoft and OpenAI signed a new definitive agreement as OpenAI became a public benefit corporation, redefining Microsoft's stake, IP rights and AGI terms.

ReleaseOpenAI launches the ChatGPT Atlas browser

On 21 October 2025 OpenAI released ChatGPT Atlas, a macOS browser built around ChatGPT, with agent mode and browser memories. It arrived as a challenge to Google Chrome and was shut down on 9 August 2026.

ReleaseOpenAI DevDay 2025: AgentKit, Apps SDK and Codex general availability

OpenAI held DevDay 2025 in San Francisco on 6 October 2025. It announced AgentKit, the Apps SDK and general availability for Codex, and disclosed usage figures for ChatGPT and its API.

ReleaseOpenAI launches Sora 2 and the Sora app

On 30 September 2025 OpenAI released Sora 2, a model that generates video together with synchronised audio, and an invite-only iOS app built around a social feed and cameos. Within days, rights holders complained about copyrighted characters.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-5-Codex for its Codex agent

On 15 September 2025 OpenAI released GPT-5-Codex, a version of GPT-5 tuned for agentic software engineering, as the default model for its Codex coding agent, with API access following later that month at GPT-5 prices.

PartnershipOpenAI signs a $300 billion computing-power contract with Oracle

On 10 September 2025 the Wall Street Journal reported that OpenAI had agreed to buy $300 billion of computing power from Oracle over about five years starting in 2027, one of the largest cloud contracts ever signed.

ReleaseOpenAI launches GPT-5

On 7 August 2025 OpenAI introduced GPT-5, a unified system that routes each request between a fast model and a deeper reasoning model. It rolled out the same day to ChatGPT Free, Plus, Pro and Team users.

ReleaseOpenAI releases the open-weight gpt-oss models

On 5 August 2025 OpenAI released gpt-oss-120b and gpt-oss-20b, two open-weight reasoning models under the Apache 2.0 license, sized to run on a single GPU or a 16 GB device.

ReleaseOpenAI launches ChatGPT agent

OpenAI's ChatGPT agent, launched on 17 July 2025, carries out multi-step tasks on its own virtual computer — browsing websites, running code and producing editable files — combining Operator's web interaction with deep research's ability to gather and summarise information.

PartnershipGoogle hires Windsurf's CEO in a $2.4 billion deal as OpenAI's acquisition falls apart

In July 2025 OpenAI's $3 billion deal to acquire the AI coding startup Windsurf collapsed; the same day Google DeepMind hired Windsurf's CEO and top researchers, with Google paying $2.4 billion to license the startup's technology.

ReleaseOpenAI releases o3-pro

On 10 June 2025 OpenAI released o3-pro, the highest-compute reasoning option in its lineup, aimed at questions where reliability matters more than speed and offered to ChatGPT Pro subscribers and through the API.

AcquisitionOpenAI acquires Jony Ive's hardware startup io

On 21 May 2025 OpenAI announced it was acquiring io, the AI hardware startup founded by designer Jony Ive, in an all-stock deal valuing io at about $6.5 billion and putting Ive in charge of OpenAI's hardware and design work.

ReleaseOpenAI launches the Codex software-engineering agent

OpenAI's Codex, launched in May 2025 as a research preview, put a software-engineering agent inside ChatGPT: powered by codex-1 and trained with reinforcement learning, it ran each coding task in its own cloud sandbox.

ReleaseOpenAI releases o3 and o4-mini

On 16 April 2025 OpenAI released o3 and o4-mini, billed as its smartest models to date, alongside the open-source Codex CLI; o3 scored 71.7% on SWE-bench Verified and 2727 Elo on Codeforces.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-4.1, mini and nano in the API

On 14 April 2025 OpenAI released GPT-4.1, GPT-4.1 mini and GPT-4.1 nano in its API, with a context window of about 1 million tokens and a 54.6% score on SWE-bench Verified, while deprecating GPT-4.5 preview the same day [^1][^2][^4].

FundingOpenAI raises $40 billion at a $300 billion valuation

In spring 2025 OpenAI raised $40 billion at a $300 billion post-money valuation in a round led by SoftBank Group, with about 500 million weekly ChatGPT users and 20 million paid subscribers as the backdrop.

FundingCoreWeave goes public on the Nasdaq at $40 a share

CoreWeave listed on the Nasdaq on 28 March 2025 at $40 a share, raising $1.5 billion in the biggest US tech IPO since 2021, with NVIDIA anchoring the deal.

ReleaseChatGPT gets native GPT-4o image generation

On 25 March 2025 OpenAI added native image generation to GPT-4o in ChatGPT, replacing DALL·E 3 as the default option; the same model reached developers a month later as gpt-image-1.

ReleaseOpenAI launches the Responses API and Agents SDK

On 11 March 2025 OpenAI released the Responses API and an open-source Agents SDK, merging the simplicity of Chat Completions with the tool use of the Assistants API and bundling web search, file search, computer use and tracing.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-4.5

OpenAI released GPT-4.5, code-named Orion, on 27 February 2025 as an expensive research preview that was later shut down.[^1][^2]

PartnershipFigure ends its collaboration with OpenAI

On 4 February 2025, Figure ended its collaboration agreement with OpenAI. Brett Adcock cited integration problems and said Figure had built end-to-end robot AI in-house, while pointing to BMW and a new large customer.

ReleaseOpenAI launches deep research in ChatGPT

On 2 February 2025 OpenAI launched deep research in ChatGPT, an agent built on a version of the o3 reasoning model that produced research reports in roughly 3 to 30 minutes and was offered to Pro users first.

ReleaseOpenAI releases o3-mini, including for free ChatGPT users

On 31 January 2025 OpenAI released o3-mini, the first reasoning model it made available to free ChatGPT users, alongside an API release priced per million tokens.

ReleaseOpenAI launches Operator, a web-browsing agent

On 23 January 2025 OpenAI released Operator, a research preview agent that used its own browser to fill forms, place orders and schedule appointments for ChatGPT Pro users in the US. It combined GPT-4o vision with reinforcement learning and introduced confirmation and takeover safeguards.

PartnershipOpenAI, SoftBank and Oracle announce the Stargate Project

Announced at the White House on 21 January 2025, Stargate is a joint venture of OpenAI, SoftBank, Oracle and MGX to build AI data centres, starting with $100 billion and aiming at up to $500 billion by 2029.

BenchmarkOpenAI o3 scores 75.7% (87.5% high-compute) on ARC-AGI-1

On December 20, 2024, the ARC Prize Foundation reported that OpenAI's o3 scored 75.7% on the semi-private ARC-AGI-1 evaluation set, and 87.5% with a high-compute configuration — a jump far beyond earlier models on a benchmark built to resist memorization.

ReleaseOpenAI launches ChatGPT Pro at $200 a month

On 5 December 2024, OpenAI launched ChatGPT Pro, a $200-a-month plan with unlimited access to o1, o1-mini, GPT-4o, Advanced Voice and o1 pro mode; full o1 also arrived in ChatGPT the same day.

ReleaseAnthropic open-sources the Model Context Protocol

On 25 November 2024 Anthropic open-sourced the Model Context Protocol, a standard for connecting AI assistants to the systems where data lives. In December 2025 Anthropic donated it to the Agentic AI Foundation under the Linux Foundation.

UpdateOpenAI launches ChatGPT search

On 31 October 2024 OpenAI launched ChatGPT search for Plus and Team users, evolving from the SearchGPT prototype. It drew on third-party search providers and content from many news publishers, and it became free without an account in February 2025.

BenchmarkOpenAI o1 scores 83% on AIME 2024

On September 12, 2024, OpenAI introduced o1 and reported that it averaged 83% on AIME 2024 when 64 samples were combined, versus 12% for GPT-4o, plus a Codeforces Elo of 1673.

ReleaseOpenAI introduces o1, its first reasoning model series

On 12 September 2024 OpenAI introduced o1-preview and o1-mini, its first reasoning models, designed to think longer before responding. The full o1 followed in December 2024, and Microsoft made the preview models available on Azure the same day.

UpdateChatGPT Advanced Voice Mode rolls out to paid users

In September 2024, ChatGPT Plus and Team subscribers got Advanced Voice Mode, a real-time spoken conversation feature built on GPT-4o. Its rollout, the removal of one of its launch voices, and its later replacement trace how voice became a default part of ChatGPT.

MilestoneOpenAI releases SWE-bench Verified

On August 13, 2024, OpenAI released SWE-bench Verified, a 500-sample human-validated subset of SWE-bench built with the benchmark's original authors from Princeton, after filtering ambiguous tasks and unreliable tests.

ReleaseOpenAI releases GPT-4o mini

On 18 July 2024 OpenAI released GPT-4o mini, a smaller, cheaper version of GPT-4o that replaced GPT-3.5 Turbo in ChatGPT and cost $0.15 per million input tokens.

ReleaseApple announces Apple Intelligence at WWDC 2024

On 10 June 2024, at WWDC, Apple announced Apple Intelligence for iOS 18, iPadOS 18 and macOS Sequoia. It introduced Private Cloud Compute and a free ChatGPT integration powered by GPT-4o.

DepartureOpenAI dissolves the Superalignment team after Sutskever and Leike exit

In May 2024 OpenAI's chief scientist Ilya Sutskever left the company, followed days later by Superalignment co-leader Jan Leike; OpenAI then disbanded the team, and Leike publicly said safety had "taken a backseat to shiny products".

ReleaseOpenAI introduces GPT-4o

On 13 May 2024 OpenAI announced GPT-4o ("GPT-4 Omni"), its new flagship model, which it said can reason across audio, vision and text in real time. Developers could use it through the API the same day.

ReleaseNVIDIA announces the Blackwell platform

On 18 March 2024 NVIDIA announced Blackwell, the GPU platform succeeding Hopper, claiming it can run real-time generative AI on trillion-parameter models at up to 25 times lower cost and energy.

PartnershipFigure partners with OpenAI on robot AI models

On 29 February 2024, humanoid robot maker Figure announced a US$675 million Series B at a US$2.6 billion valuation and a collaboration with OpenAI to develop AI models for its robots.

ReleaseOpenAI previews Sora, its text-to-video model

On 15 February 2024 OpenAI previewed Sora, a text-to-video model that it said could generate clips up to one minute long; the model reached ChatGPT Plus and Pro users in the US and Canada on 9 December 2024.

UpdateChatGPT starts remembering users across conversations

In 2024 OpenAI gave ChatGPT a memory, letting it carry information about a user from one conversation to the next, with switches to turn the feature off and a temporary chat mode that leaves no memory.

ReleaseOpenAI opens the GPT Store

On 10 January 2024 OpenAI opened the GPT Store, a marketplace for custom versions of ChatGPT. More than three million GPTs had already been built by the time it launched, after the opening slipped from its originally planned date.

PolicyThe New York Times sues OpenAI and Microsoft over copyright

On 27 December 2023 The New York Times sued OpenAI and Microsoft in Manhattan federal court, saying millions of its articles were used without permission to build AI products including ChatGPT — the first such suit by a major US media organisation.

PolicyUS authors sue OpenAI and Microsoft over training data

Eleven US authors and a later class action sued OpenAI and Microsoft, alleging the companies copied books without permission to train AI chatbots, part of a wider wave of copyright litigation.

PolicyOpenAI publishes its Preparedness Framework

A beta document published by OpenAI in December 2023 that sets out processes to track, evaluate, forecast and protect against catastrophic risks from powerful models, rating models low to critical and barring deployment above medium.

DepartureOpenAI's board fires Sam Altman, who returns days later

In November 2023 OpenAI's board removed CEO Sam Altman, citing a lack of candour; after an employee revolt and a Microsoft offer, he was reinstated within days under a new board.

ReleaseOpenAI DevDay 2023: GPT-4 Turbo and custom GPTs

On 6 November 2023 OpenAI held its first developer conference, DevDay, announcing GPT-4 Turbo with a 128K context window, custom GPTs built with a GPT Builder, and lower prices across its platform.

UpdateChatGPT can now see, hear and speak

On 25 September 2023 OpenAI announced that ChatGPT could see, hear and speak, adding image input powered by GPT-4V and voice conversations; two days later it also gained web access to current information.

ReleaseOpenAI announces DALL·E 3, built into ChatGPT

On 20 September 2023 OpenAI announced DALL·E 3, its third-generation image model, which was then built directly into ChatGPT; it was designed to refuse requests that imitate the style of living artists.

PolicyAnthropic, Google, Microsoft and OpenAI launch the Frontier Model Forum

An industry body formed on 26 July 2023 by Anthropic, Google, Microsoft and OpenAI to work on the safe and responsible development of frontier AI models, defined as large-scale models that exceed the capabilities of the most advanced existing models.

PolicySeven AI companies make voluntary commitments to the White House

On 21 July 2023 President Biden convened seven leading AI companies at the White House and secured voluntary commitments covering eight measures, from watermarking AI-generated audio and video to independent safety testing before public release.

MilestoneOpenAI announces its Superalignment team

In July 2023 OpenAI created a team co-led by Ilya Sutskever and Jan Leike to solve superintelligence alignment within four years, committing 20% of its compute and proposing AI systems to help supervise AI.

PolicyAI scientists sign a one-sentence statement on extinction risk

On 30 May 2023 the Center for AI Safety published a one-sentence statement arguing that mitigating the risk of extinction from AI should be a global priority, and leading researchers and lab executives signed it.

UpdateOpenAI announces ChatGPT plugins

On 23 March 2023 OpenAI announced ChatGPT plugins, which connected the chatbot to third-party services and the web, letting it fetch current information, run computations and use outside tools.

ReleaseOpenAI introduces GPT-4

On 14 March 2023 OpenAI announced GPT-4, a multimodal model that accepts image and text input and produces text output. OpenAI reported human-level results on several professional and academic benchmarks but disclosed little about the model's design.

ReleaseOpenAI launches the ChatGPT and Whisper APIs

On 1 March 2023 OpenAI released gpt-3.5-turbo, the model behind ChatGPT, as an API priced at $0.002 per 1,000 tokens, and opened a Whisper speech API the same day.

ReleaseMicrosoft launches the AI-powered Bing with Bing Chat

On 7 February 2023 Microsoft unveiled an AI-powered Bing and Edge, built on a new OpenAI model, whose chat feature was launched as a waitlisted preview called Bing Chat.

ReleaseOpenAI launches the ChatGPT Plus subscription

On 1 February 2023 OpenAI launched ChatGPT Plus, a $20-a-month pilot subscription offering access at peak times, faster responses and priority access to new features, while free access was kept.

FundingMicrosoft announces a multibillion-dollar extension of its OpenAI partnership

On 23 January 2023 Microsoft announced a multiyear, multibillion-dollar extension of its OpenAI partnership, making Azure OpenAI's exclusive cloud for all OpenAI workloads.

ReleaseOpenAI introduces the ChatGPT research preview

On 30 November 2022 OpenAI introduced ChatGPT, a conversational model trained with human feedback, and made it free during a research preview. It later became one of the most widely used AI chat products.

ReleaseOpenAI releases text-davinci-003 in the GPT-3.5 series

On 28 November 2022 OpenAI released text-davinci-003 in its GPT-3.5 series; two days later came ChatGPT, fine-tuned from a model in the same series and free during its research preview[^1][^2][^4].

ReleaseOpenAI open-sources the Whisper speech-recognition model

On 21 September 2022 OpenAI released Whisper, an open-source speech-recognition system trained on 680,000 hours of audio that could also translate speech into English.

ReleaseOpenAI announces DALL·E 2

On 6 April 2022 OpenAI announced DALL·E 2, its second text-to-image system, which generated images from CLIP embeddings with a diffusion decoder and was opened to the public in stages that year.

ReleaseOpenAI introduces InstructGPT and makes it the default in its API

On 27 January 2022 OpenAI announced InstructGPT, a version of GPT-3 trained with human feedback to follow user instructions more closely. OpenAI then made these models the default in its API.

ReleaseOpenAI opens Codex to developers in its API

On 10 August 2021 OpenAI released an improved Codex, a GPT model fine-tuned on public code, through its API in private beta. The model powered GitHub Copilot and came with the new HumanEval benchmark.

ReleaseGitHub Copilot technical preview is announced

On 29 June 2021 GitHub announced GitHub Copilot as a technical preview, an AI pair programmer that suggests lines and whole functions as developers write code. It was powered by OpenAI Codex.

ReleaseOpenAI introduces DALL·E

On 5 January 2021 OpenAI announced DALL·E, a neural network that creates images from text captions, and CLIP, which learns visual concepts from natural-language supervision.

MilestoneAnthropic is founded

Anthropic, an AI company, was incorporated in January 2021 by former employees of OpenAI and set up as a public benefit corporation. Dario Amodei became its chief executive and Daniela Amodei its president.

ReleaseOpenAI launches its API for accessing its models

In June 2020 OpenAI announced an API that let outside developers access its AI models. By March 2021 more than 300 applications were using GPT-3 through it.

PaperOpenAI publishes the GPT-3 paper

In May 2020 OpenAI published the GPT-3 paper, describing a 175-billion-parameter language model that performs new tasks from a few examples given in its text input, without additional training.

ReleaseOpenAI releases the full 1.5-billion-parameter GPT-2

On 5 November 2019 OpenAI released the full 1.5-billion-parameter GPT-2, with code and model weights, ending its staged release. The model card warned that the model cannot tell fact from fiction.

PartnershipMicrosoft invests $1 billion in OpenAI and becomes its cloud partner

In July 2019 Microsoft invested $1 billion in OpenAI and became its exclusive computing partner, with OpenAI's services to run on Microsoft Azure.

MilestoneOpenAI Five beats Dota 2 world champions OG

On 13 April 2019, OpenAI Five — a team of reinforcement-learning bots — beat OG, the reigning Dota 2 world champions, in a best-of-three in San Francisco, and days later won 99.4% of games in a public online arena.

MilestoneOpenAI creates the capped-profit OpenAI LP

On 11 March 2019 OpenAI announced OpenAI LP, a "capped-profit" company that let it raise outside capital while limiting investor returns. The structure lasted until October 2025.

ReleaseOpenAI announces GPT-2 and holds back the full model

On 14 February 2019 OpenAI announced GPT-2, a 1.5-billion-parameter Transformer that performed several language tasks without task-specific training. It did not release the full model at first, instead releasing it in stages.

PaperOpenAI publishes the first GPT paper on generative pre-training

On 11 June 2018 OpenAI published a paper on generative pre-training: a language model first learns from unlabeled text and is then adapted to specific tasks. The approach improved the state of the art on 9 of the 12 tasks studied.

MilestoneNVIDIA delivers the first DGX-1 to OpenAI

In August 2016 NVIDIA CEO Jensen Huang hand-delivered the first DGX-1, a turnkey eight-GPU deep learning machine, to OpenAI in San Francisco — an early piece of dedicated AI hardware at a young research lab.

MilestoneOpenAI is founded as a nonprofit AI research lab

In December 2015 a group of entrepreneurs and AI researchers founded OpenAI in San Francisco as a non-profit research company whose stated aim was to advance digital intelligence for humanity's benefit rather than financial return.