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Companies, labs and communities building AI.
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| AI Now Institute The AI Now Institute is an American research institute, launched in 2017 in partnership with New York University, that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence and the concentration of power in the tech industry. | 2017 |
| Anthropic Anthropic is an AI safety and research company founded in January 2021 by former OpenAI employees. It develops the Claude models and products, and its Responsible Scaling Policy sets out safety levels for its models. | 2021 |
| Apollo Research Apollo Research is a research organization focused on the risk of scheming: advanced AI systems covertly pursuing misaligned objectives. It evaluates frontier models for this behavior and advises policymakers. | |
| Apple Apple is a US technology company founded in 1976 that makes the iPhone, iPad and Mac. It introduced Apple Intelligence in 2024, builds its own Apple Foundation Models, and in 2026 agreed to build its next models with Google. | 1976 |
| Arup A British multinational design and engineering firm founded in 1946 by Sir Ove Arup, known for complex landmark projects such as the Sydney Opera House and for ownership held in trust for its employees. | 1946 |
| Center for AI Safety A San Francisco nonprofit founded in 2022 that researches technical AI safety, builds the field of safety researchers, and advocates for safety standards — known for a 2023 statement on AI extinction risk signed by industry leaders. | 2022 |
| Character.AI Character.AI is a chatbot company founded in 2021 by former Google engineers Noam Shazeer and Daniel De Freitas, known for user-created AI characters; it filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in October 2026. | 2021 |
| Cruise Cruise was a San Francisco autonomous-vehicle company founded in 2013 and acquired by General Motors in 2016; it ran paid driverless rides in San Francisco before its permits were suspended and GM wound the business down. | 2013 |
| Cyberspace Administration of China The State Internet Information Office — the Cyberspace Administration of China — is the Chinese body that manages online information content, from news licensing and website enforcement to algorithm rules and AI content labeling. | 2011 |
| EleutherAI EleutherAI is a grassroots AI research collective that began as a Discord server in July 2020. It released The Pile and the open GPT-style models GPT-Neo, GPT-J and GPT-NeoX-20B, and in 2023 it became a nonprofit research institute. | 2020 |
| European AI Office The European AI Office is a body inside the European Commission that supports implementation of the EU AI Act and enforces the rules for general-purpose AI models. It was established in February 2024. | 2024 |
| European Commission The European Commission is the executive body of the European Union: it proposes laws and policies, monitors how they are applied, manages the EU budget and represents the EU externally. | |
| Federal Communications Commission The FCC is the US agency that administers the Communications Act of 1934. In 2024 it confirmed that restrictions on artificial or prerecorded voices already cover AI-generated voices, and proposed a US$6 million robocall penalty. | |
| GitHub GitHub is a code hosting and collaboration platform used by more than 225 million developers, acquired by Microsoft in 2018 and the birthplace of the GitHub Copilot coding assistant. | |
| Machine Intelligence Research Institute Founded in 2000 as the Singularity Institute, MIRI is a Berkeley nonprofit that was among the first to treat artificial intelligence risk as a technical research problem, and now advocates halting work on smarter-than-human AI. | 2000 |
| Ministry of Industry and Information Technology A department of China's State Council, established in March 2008 to administer industry, communications and informatisation. It consolidated industrial and information-technology functions that had previously been spread across several government bodies. | 2008 |
| Mobileye Mobileye makes camera-based vision chips and software for cars, from basic driver assistance up to systems for driverless vehicles; its EyeQ chips have shipped in hundreds of millions of vehicles. | 1999 |
| Model Evaluation and Threat Research METR is a Berkeley-based nonprofit that evaluates frontier AI models on long-horizon agentic tasks, publishes capability metrics and incident investigations, and works with AI developers on pre-deployment assessments and safeguards. | 2023 |
| National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST is a U.S. federal physical science laboratory founded in 1901 and now part of the Department of Commerce, which works on measurement science, standards and technology — and has recently become the home of the government's AI safety and evaluation work. | 1901 |
| NVIDIA Research NVIDIA Research is the research arm of the chipmaker NVIDIA, founded in 2006 with more than 200 scientists. It leads work on AI, self-driving cars, high-performance computing and graphics, and it builds the company's open Nemotron language models. | 2006 |