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Concepts
Concepts
How AI works, in plain language: from the artificial neuron to the Transformer, pre-training and reasoning models.
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Red teamingRed teaming is the practice of actively probing a model for harmful or unwanted behaviour before deployment. A 2022 method by Perez and colleagues automated it by using one language model to generate test cases for another.AI alignmentAlignment is the problem of making a model's behaviour match what its users and designers actually intend, not just what its training objective literally rewards. Training on human preference comparisons is one practical route to it.JailbreakA jailbreak is an adversarial prompt that gets a safety-trained model to produce behaviour its training was meant to prevent. A 2023 analysis by Wei et al. traced these failures to competing objectives and mismatched generalization.Artificial general intelligence (AGI)AGI is the goal of AI systems that match or beat humans across a broad range of tasks. The term has no agreed definition; a framework by Morris et al. grades systems by performance level and generality.Semantic WebThe Semantic Web is a W3C standards effort that uses RDF and OWL to describe data so different applications, enterprises and communities can share and reuse information, moving from research toward practical tools.