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Concepts
Concepts
How AI works, in plain language: from the artificial neuron to the Transformer, pre-training and reasoning models.
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AI alignmentAlignment is the problem of making a model's behaviour match what its users and designers actually intend, not just what its training objective literally rewards. Training on human preference comparisons is one practical route to it.JailbreakA jailbreak is an adversarial prompt that gets a safety-trained model to produce behaviour its training was meant to prevent. A 2023 analysis by Wei et al. traced these failures to competing objectives and mismatched generalization.Semantic WebThe Semantic Web is a W3C standards effort that uses RDF and OWL to describe data so different applications, enterprises and communities can share and reuse information, moving from research toward practical tools.Visual odometryVisual odometry lets a rover measure how far it actually moved by tracking features in camera images taken before and after a short drive, instead of trusting wheel turns. NASA's Mars Exploration Rovers were the first to demonstrate it.