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Models
Foundation, generative, multimodal and specialised models.
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2023
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Mar 14, 2023
GPT-4
GPT-4 is OpenAI's large multimodal model, released on 14 March 2023. It accepts image and text input, scored near the top of human test-takers on a simulated bar exam, and was succeeded by GPT-4 Turbo, GPT-4o and GPT-5.
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Mar 2023
Runway Gen-2
Runway Gen-2 is a multimodal video generation system announced in March 2023 that turns text, images or video clips into new video, and was among the first commercially available text-to-video models.
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Feb 24, 2023
LLaMA
A family of foundation language models from Meta AI, released in 7B to 65B parameter sizes and trained on public data; its 13B model was reported to beat GPT-3 on most benchmarks.
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Feb 6, 2023
Runway Gen-1
Runway Gen-1 is a video-to-video diffusion model released in February 2023 that restyles existing footage from text or image prompts while keeping the source video's structure. It was among the first commercially available video-generation models.
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2023
Cohere Command
Cohere's first flagship instruction-following generative model, released in 2023 and distributed through Cohere's API and cloud marketplaces such as Amazon SageMaker JumpStart and Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, later superseded by Command R and deprecated in 2025.
2022
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Dec 13, 2022
RT-1 (Robotics Transformer)
RT-1 is a transformer-based model for real-world robot control, trained on over 130,000 episodes collected with 13 robots and reported to perform more than 700 language instructions at a 97% success rate.
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Sep 21, 2022
Whisper
Whisper is OpenAI's open-source speech recognition system, released in September 2022 and trained on 680,000 hours of audio, which transcribes speech in many languages and translates it into English.
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May 12, 2022
Gato
Gato is a generalist agent from DeepMind, announced on 12 May 2022. A single network with one set of weights handles text, images, Atari games and robot control, aiming at multi-task, multi-embodiment learning.
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Apr 28, 2022
Flamingo
Flamingo is a DeepMind visual language model announced in April 2022. It takes prompts that mix images, videos and text and replies in language, learning new tasks from only a few examples.
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Mar 15, 2022
GPT-3.5 (text-davinci-002/003)
GPT-3.5 is the family of OpenAI language models between GPT-3 and GPT-4, released through API models such as text-davinci-002 and text-davinci-003 and underlying the first version of ChatGPT.
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Feb 2, 2022
AlphaCode
AlphaCode is a DeepMind code-generation system for competitive programming, announced in February 2022. On Codeforces contests held after its training data, it reached an estimated rank around the median participant. A Gemini-based AlphaCode 2 followed in December 2023.
2021
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Jul 7, 2021
OpenAI Codex (2021 model)
OpenAI Codex is a 2021 GPT language model fine-tuned on public code from GitHub. It translates natural language into code, and was introduced alongside the HumanEval benchmark for testing code correctness.
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Jan 5, 2021
CLIP
An image-text model from OpenAI that learns to match pictures with their captions. Trained on about 400 million image-caption pairs, it can classify images by comparing them against written prompts, with no task-specific training.
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Jan 5, 2021
DALL·E
DALL·E is OpenAI's text-to-image model unveiled on 5 January 2021: a 12-billion-parameter transformer trained on 250 million text-image pairs that generates a picture token by token from a caption.
2019
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Oct 23, 2019
T5 (Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer)
T5 is a family of Google Transformer models that recasts every language task as text in, text out. Its 11-billion-parameter version set state of the art on several benchmarks, and the code, models and C4 dataset were released openly.
2011
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Feb 2011
IBM Watson
IBM Watson is a question-answering computer system built by an IBM research team led by David Ferrucci; in February 2011 it defeated the two foremost all-time champions of the televised quiz show Jeopardy!