Products

Li Auto's VLA Driver model is a vision-language-action driving model that began reaching customers with the Li i8 in August 2025 and was pushed to all AD Max users via OTA 8.0 in September 2025.

ChinaConsumer appsRobotics

Tesla Robotaxi is Tesla's ride-hailing service, in which passengers hail autonomous vehicles through the company's app; its dedicated two-seat Cybercab has no steering wheel, pedals or mirrors. Limited service began in Austin in June 2025.

EnterpriseConsumer appsRobotics

Huawei's intelligent driving system released in Shanghai on 22 April 2025, built on a cloud-plus-vehicle WEWA architecture and offered in four versions, the flagship carrying a dedicated highway L3 package.

ChinaRoboticsHardware & compute

Tesla's most advanced driver-assistance package, sold as a $99 monthly subscription. It steers, changes lanes, follows routes and parks, while the driver stays responsible and the car is not autonomous.

Consumer appsRoboticsSafety & governance

Waymo's app-based ride-hailing service, in which the car drives itself. It was the first service to carry public passengers without a safety driver, and it is how Waymo brings autonomous driving to ordinary riders.

EnterpriseConsumer appsRobotics

Caffe is a BSD-licensed C++ library with Python and MATLAB bindings for training and deploying convolutional neural networks, described in a 2014 paper by Yangqing Jia and colleagues.

Open sourceDeep learningDeveloper tools

A free beta software development kit released by Microsoft on 16 June 2011 that let developers use the Kinect sensor's depth sensing, motion tracking and voice recognition on Windows PCs, initially for non-commercial work.

Research historyProduct historyDeveloper tools

CIFAR-10 is a labelled image dataset of 60000 32×32 colour images in 10 mutually exclusive classes, split into 50000 training and 10000 test images; it was created by Krizhevsky, Nair and Hinton for training and comparing image classifiers.

Research historyDeep learningData & datasets

The AIBO Performer Kit (model ERF-510) is a motion editor released by Sony alongside its ERS-110 robot, letting owners write original movements for the robot on a personal computer and load them with an included Memory Stick.

Consumer appsProduct historyRobotics

NASA's Mars Pathfinder lander touched down on July 4, 1997, deployed the small Sojourner rover, used an airbag landing system for the first time, and returned thousands of images of the Martian surface.

Research historyRoboticsHardware & compute

ALVINN was a 1988 Carnegie Mellon neural network that learned to steer the Navlab van by watching a human driver, an early demonstration of learned end-to-end driving.

Research historyDeep learningRobotics

The Mark I Perceptron was the first hardware implementation of the perceptron algorithm: a custom analog computer built at Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory for image recognition, with photocells as input and motor-driven potentiometers as learnable weights.

Research historyDeep learningProduct history

XNGP is XPENG's advanced driver assistance system, developed full stack in-house; its next generation, VLA 2.0, generates driving actions directly from visual signals and is slated for mass production in 2026.

ChinaConsumer appsRobotics

Apollo Go is Baidu's autonomous ride-hailing service. It reported more than 2.2 million fully driverless rides in the second quarter of 2025, had passed 14 million cumulative rides by August 2025, and is expanding through testing permits and partnerships with Uber and Lyft.

ChinaConsumer appsRobotics

Runway builds generative video, image and audio tools used by more than 60 million creative users, and researches general-purpose world models that simulate video, audio and interfaces in real time.

EnterpriseProduct historyGenerative models

AutoNav is the autonomous driving software used by NASA's Spirit and Opportunity Mars rovers. It combines stereo vision, GESTALT terrain assessment, Visual Odometry, and Field D* path planning to let rovers choose and drive safe paths without step-by-step direction from Earth.

Research historyRoboticsComputer vision

ImageNet is a large, hierarchical image database built on the WordNet conceptual model and released at Princeton University in 2009. It holds more than 14 million images in 21,841 categories, with bounding-box annotations, and a 1,000-class subset used by the ILSVRC challenge.

Research historyData & datasetsScience

Google's self-driving car prototype was a modified production car that used cameras, radar and a roof-mounted laser range finder to sense traffic, drove routes that had been mapped in advance by manually driven cars, and always carried a trained safety driver and a software operator.

Research historyProduct historyRobotics

Soccer Server is a software simulator of soccer, begun by Itsuki Noda as a platform for multi-agent systems research, which later became the official soccer server of RoboCup.

Research historyOpen sourceRobotics

NVIDIA's robotics development platform for simulation, training, perception, and deployment.

RoboticsDeveloper toolsSimulation