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Companies, labs and communities building AI.
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| Google Brain Google Brain was a deep-learning research team started inside Google's X in 2011. Its cat-recognition experiment, TensorFlow, sequence-to-sequence models and the Transformer made it central to modern AI; it merged into Google DeepMind in 2023. | 2011 |
| Google Research Google's research division, based in Mountain View and usually dated to 2000, produced the Transformer, BERT and T5 — the work underlying modern large language models. | 2000 |
| Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Honda Motor Co., Ltd. is the company that built ASIMO, the humanoid robot it announced in Tokyo on 20 November 2000, following humanoid robotics research that began in 1986 and ran through a series of experimental walking machines. | |
| Horizon Robotics Chinese supplier of advanced driver assistance and automated driving systems for passenger cars, founded in 2015, the largest domestic provider by installation volume, and listed in Hong Kong in 2024. | 2015 |
| IDSIA (Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence) A Swiss artificial intelligence institute founded in 1988 and now a joint institute of USI and SUPSI, known for LSTM and other neural-network research. | 1988 |
| iRobot An American robotics company founded in 1990 by three MIT researchers, iRobot built space and military robots before its Roomba vacuum cleaner made it a consumer name; it listed on NASDAQ in 2005 and filed for bankruptcy protection in 2025. | 1990 |
| Kairos Power Kairos Power, founded in 2016, is an American company developing a fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor using TRISO fuel. It is building the Hermes demonstration reactor in Tennessee and plans 500 MW of projects with Google by 2035. | 2016 |
| Li Auto Li Auto is a Chinese automaker that describes itself as a pioneer in commercialising extended-range electric vehicles in China. It sells extended-range and battery-electric family vehicles and has built a large delivery, retail and charging footprint. | 2015 |
| Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) MIT, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts, hosted the AI lab that Marvin Minsky and John McCarthy co-founded, which later became CSAIL. The lab also invented Lisp machines, and Minsky co-wrote the book Perceptrons. | 1861 |
| Ministry of Industry and Information Technology A department of China's State Council, established in March 2008 to administer industry, communications and informatisation. It consolidated industrial and information-technology functions that had previously been spread across several government bodies. | 2008 |
| MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), formed in 2003 by merging the MIT AI Lab with the Laboratory for Computer Science, is the largest laboratory on the MIT campus. | 1959 |
| Mobileye Mobileye makes camera-based vision chips and software for cars, from basic driver assistance up to systems for driverless vehicles; its EyeQ chips have shipped in hundreds of millions of vehicles. | 1999 |
| Momenta Momenta is a Chinese "physical AI" company founded in 2016 by Cao Xudong that supplies driving software to carmakers around the world, and it listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in July 2026. | 2016 |
| National Development and Reform Commission The National Development and Reform Commission is a ministerial-level department of China's State Council that drafts and implements economic and social development plans, manages investment and coordinates macro-economic policy. It descends from the State Planning Commission established in 1952. | |
| National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST is a U.S. federal physical science laboratory founded in 1901 and now part of the Department of Commerce, which works on measurement science, standards and technology — and has recently become the home of the government's AI safety and evaluation work. | 1901 |
| NVIDIA Research NVIDIA Research is the research arm of the chipmaker NVIDIA, founded in 2006 with more than 200 scientists. It leads work on AI, self-driving cars, high-performance computing and graphics, and it builds the company's open Nemotron language models. | 2006 |
| Open Source Initiative A non-profit founded in 1998 that stewards the Open Source Definition and, since 2024, the Open Source AI Definition, setting a shared standard for what counts as open source. | 1998 |
| Physical Intelligence Physical Intelligence is a company that develops foundation models and learning algorithms for robots, aiming to bring general-purpose AI into the physical world. It publishes generalist robot policies such as π0 and π0.5, along with open weights and code. | |
| Pony.ai Pony.ai is an autonomous driving company founded in Fremont, California, in late 2016. It runs robotaxi, robotruck and personal-vehicle businesses on a common "virtual driver" system, and operates in both California and China. | 2016 |
| Poolside Poolside is an AI company building models for software work; in April 2026 it released the Laguna M.1 and Laguna XS.2 models and pool, the agent runtime behind its reinforcement learning. |