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Companies, labs and communities building AI.
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| Intel Intel is a semiconductor company. Its 2017 purchase of Mobileye, later partly floated, and its decision to keep Falcon Shores as an internal test chip show how it enters and steps back from adjacent markets. | |
| iRobot An American robotics company founded in 1990 by three MIT researchers, iRobot built space and military robots before its Roomba vacuum cleaner made it a consumer name; it listed on NASDAQ in 2005 and filed for bankruptcy protection in 2025. | 1990 |
| Kairos Power Kairos Power, founded in 2016, is an American company developing a fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor using TRISO fuel. It is building the Hermes demonstration reactor in Tennessee and plans 500 MW of projects with Google by 2035. | 2016 |
| Kunlunxin Kunlunxin is the AI chip company spun out of Baidu in April 2021, continuing Baidu's Kunlun chip line. It designs processors for AI workloads in data centres and is one of China's largest domestic AI chip suppliers. | 2021 |
| Li Auto Li Auto is a Chinese automaker that describes itself as a pioneer in commercialising extended-range electric vehicles in China. It sells extended-range and battery-electric family vehicles and has built a large delivery, retail and charging footprint. | 2015 |
| Liquid AI Liquid AI is an MIT CSAIL spin-out that calls itself an efficiency-first foundation model company, arguing that models should run on local devices; its LFM3-Omni-2B is an omni-modal model published in October 2026. | |
| Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) MIT, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts, hosted the AI lab that Marvin Minsky and John McCarthy co-founded, which later became CSAIL. The lab also invented Lisp machines, and Minsky co-wrote the book Perceptrons. | 1861 |
| MetaX MetaX is a Shanghai-based GPU chip company founded in September 2020 that designs full-stack GPU chips and solutions; it is counted among China's four leading GPU startups and listed on the STAR Market in December 2025. | 2020 |
| Ministry of Industry and Information Technology A department of China's State Council, established in March 2008 to administer industry, communications and informatisation. It consolidated industrial and information-technology functions that had previously been spread across several government bodies. | 2008 |
| MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), formed in 2003 by merging the MIT AI Lab with the Laboratory for Computer Science, is the largest laboratory on the MIT campus. | 1959 |
| Mobileye Mobileye makes camera-based vision chips and software for cars, from basic driver assistance up to systems for driverless vehicles; its EyeQ chips have shipped in hundreds of millions of vehicles. | 1999 |
| Momenta Momenta is a Chinese "physical AI" company founded in 2016 by Cao Xudong that supplies driving software to carmakers around the world, and it listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in July 2026. | 2016 |
| Moore Threads Chinese GPU company Moore Threads, founded in 2020 by former Nvidia China head Zhang Jianzhong, sells AI accelerator cards, servers and clusters built on its MUSA architecture. It listed on the STAR Market in 2025 and is growing fast while still loss-making. | 2020 |
| National Development and Reform Commission The National Development and Reform Commission is a ministerial-level department of China's State Council that drafts and implements economic and social development plans, manages investment and coordinates macro-economic policy. It descends from the State Planning Commission established in 1952. | |
| National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST is a U.S. federal physical science laboratory founded in 1901 and now part of the Department of Commerce, which works on measurement science, standards and technology — and has recently become the home of the government's AI safety and evaluation work. | 1901 |
| NVIDIA NVIDIA is the company that created the GPU in 1999 and, through the CUDA architecture and the chips behind AlexNet, became a central supplier of computing power for modern AI. | 1993 |
| NVIDIA Research NVIDIA Research is the research arm of the chipmaker NVIDIA, founded in 2006 with more than 200 scientists. It leads work on AI, self-driving cars, high-performance computing and graphics, and it builds the company's open Nemotron language models. | 2006 |
| Open Source Initiative A non-profit founded in 1998 that stewards the Open Source Definition and, since 2024, the Open Source AI Definition, setting a shared standard for what counts as open source. | 1998 |
| Physical Intelligence Physical Intelligence is a company that develops foundation models and learning algorithms for robots, aiming to bring general-purpose AI into the physical world. It publishes generalist robot policies such as π0 and π0.5, along with open weights and code. | |
| Pony.ai Pony.ai is an autonomous driving company founded in Fremont, California, in late 2016. It runs robotaxi, robotruck and personal-vehicle businesses on a common "virtual driver" system, and operates in both California and China. | 2016 |