Companies

AAAI is an international nonprofit scientific society for artificial intelligence, founded in 1979, which runs a flagship annual conference and has published a quarterly magazine since 1980.

Research historyScienceSymbolic AI

Nonprofit AI research institute founded by Paul Allen in 2014 and based in Seattle, known for Semantic Scholar and for the openly released OLMo family of language models, whose training data, code and checkpoints are published alongside the weights.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

Apollo Research is a research organization focused on the risk of scheming: advanced AI systems covertly pursuing misaligned objectives. It evaluates frontier models for this behavior and advises policymakers.

Agents & tool useSafety & governanceScience

The Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) is the main scientific and professional society for natural language processing. Founded in 1962, it runs one of the field's two leading conferences and publishes the journal Computational Linguistics.

Large language modelsResearch historyScience

A society for computing educators, researchers and professionals, founded in 1947 at Columbia University and headquartered in New York, with nearly 110,000 members and the Turing Award among its recognitions.

Research historyEnterpriseScience

Baidu Research is the research arm of Baidu, built around the Institute of Deep Learning founded in 2013, with laboratories in Beijing and Silicon Valley; in 2014 Andrew Ng became chief scientist in charge of the whole organisation.

Research historyChinaEnterprise

Bell Labs was the research arm of the Bell System, where the transistor, Unix and the C language were created. Yann LeCun's convolutional networks for handwritten digits were developed there, which made it an early home of neural-network research.

Research historyDeep learningHardware & compute

Chinese chip designer founded in 2019 that builds general-purpose GPU (GPGPU) chips and intelligent computing solutions on its self-developed BILI series hardware and BIRENSUPA software, for AI training and inference from cloud to edge.

ChinaEnterpriseDeep learning

An independent, non-profit research institute in Cambridge, Massachusetts, founded in 2004 with support from Eli and Edythe Broad, working to understand the roots of disease and turn biological insights into impact for patients.

Research historyScienceBiomedicine

A Chinese AI chip company founded in 2016 and listed on the STAR Market in 2020. It designs cloud, edge and endpoint chips, and in 2025 it turned profitable as revenue rose sharply.

ChinaEnterpriseDeep learning

Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh has one of the earliest US computer science departments. Its researchers built the Logic Theorist, Sphinx speech recognition and the Deep Blue lineage, and won the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge.

Research historyDeep learningRobotics

A San Francisco nonprofit founded in 2022 that researches technical AI safety, builds the field of safety researchers, and advocates for safety standards — known for a 2023 statement on AI extinction risk signed by industry leaders.

Research historySafety & governanceScience

CVPR is the annual Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, first held in 1983 and usually held in June in North America. It is known for selective, double-blind review and open-access papers.

Research historyDeep learningComputer vision

NeurIPS is an annual December conference on machine learning and computational neuroscience, founded in 1987 and counted among the most influential meetings in AI research.

Research historyDeep learningScience

A private research university in Ithaca, New York, founded in 1865. It is also where Frank Rosenblatt studied and worked, and where the perceptron — an early learning machine and the first neural network — was developed.

Research historyDeep learningHardware & compute

DARPA is the research agency of the United States Department of Defense, created in 1958 in response to Sputnik. It states its mission as creating and preventing technological surprise, and its Grand Challenges brought autonomous vehicle work to a wider community.

Research historyRoboticsScience

DNNresearch Inc. was a University of Toronto start-up founded in 2012 by Geoffrey Hinton and two of his graduate students; Google bought it for its deep neural network research.

Research historyEnterpriseDeep learning

EPFL, the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, is a technical university founded in 1853 and renamed in 1969; it organizes its work around three missions: teaching, research and innovation.

Research historyScienceEurope

Epoch AI is a data-first research nonprofit studying the future of artificial intelligence, known for tracking AI training-compute trends, hosting databases on hardware and compute, and running independent model evaluations and its FrontierMath benchmark.

Research historyData & datasetsScience

A public benefit AI company that introduced itself alongside its ESM3 model in June 2024 and whose team joined Biohub in November 2025.

Research historyFoundation modelsScience