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Boston Dynamics

A robotics company spun out of MIT in 1992, known for legged and humanoid machines such as BigDog, Atlas, Spot and Handle, and now majority-owned by Hyundai Motor Group.

EnterpriseProduct historyRobotics

1992
Dragon Systems

Dragon Systems was a speech recognition company in Newton, Massachusetts, founded in 1982 by James K. Baker and Janet M. Baker. It made DragonDictate and NaturallySpeaking; its product line later passed to Nuance.

Research historyEnterpriseProduct history

1982
Figure AI

Figure AI is a Sunnyvale, California company building general-purpose humanoid robots for industrial work, backed by a large investor group and partnered with BMW Manufacturing.

EnterpriseProduct historyRobotics

GitHub

GitHub is a code hosting and collaboration platform used by more than 225 million developers, acquired by Microsoft in 2018 and the birthplace of the GitHub Copilot coding assistant.

Product historyDeveloper toolsCode

Honda Motor Co., Ltd.

Honda Motor Co., Ltd. is the company that built ASIMO, the humanoid robot it announced in Tokyo on 20 November 2000, following humanoid robotics research that began in 1986 and ran through a series of experimental walking machines.

Research historyProduct historyRobotics

IBM

IBM is an American technology company founded in 1911 as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company and renamed International Business Machines in 1924. Its researchers built Deep Blue, which beat Garry Kasparov in 1997, and the Watson question-answering system.

Research historyEnterpriseProduct history

1911
iRobot

An American robotics company founded in 1990 by three MIT researchers, iRobot built space and military robots before its Roomba vacuum cleaner made it a consumer name; it listed on NASDAQ in 2005 and filed for bankruptcy protection in 2025.

EnterpriseConsumer appsProduct history

1990
OpenAI

OpenAI is a San Francisco AI research and deployment company founded in 2015 as a nonprofit. It makes the GPT model family and ChatGPT and filed confidentially for an IPO in June 2026.

Large language modelsConsumer appsFoundation models

2015
Perplexity AI

Perplexity AI is a San Francisco company founded on 22 August 2022 by Aravind Srinivas and others. It runs an AI answer engine that cites web sources and has since added models, a browser and agents.

Large language modelsAgents & tool useConsumer apps

2022
Siri Inc.

Siri, Inc. was a startup spun out of SRI International in 2007 to turn decades of AI research — notably the CALO project — into a consumer virtual personal assistant; Apple acquired it in 2010.

Research historyAgents & tool useConsumer apps

2007
Tesla, Inc.

Tesla is the American company behind Optimus, a humanoid robot first shown as a concept at its 2021 AI Day; later reports describe pilot production lines, plans for volume manufacturing and a target unit cost below US$20,000.

EnterpriseProduct historyRobotics

Uber

Uber's prototype self-driving Volvo XC90 struck and killed a pedestrian in Tempe, Arizona, on 18 March 2018. The NTSB sharply criticised Uber and issued recommendations after finding that the vehicle's automatic braking was disabled.

EnterpriseConsumer appsProduct history

Unimation

Unimation was the Connecticut company founded in 1961 by George C. Devol and Joseph F. Engelberger that built the first Unimate robot and later the PUMA series.

Research historyProduct historyRobotics

1961
Waymo LLC

Waymo is Alphabet's self-driving technology company, spun out of Google's autonomous car project in December 2016. It builds the software and sensors that drive vehicles rather than the vehicles themselves.

EnterpriseProduct historyRobotics

2016