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Companies, labs and communities building AI.
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| AAAI AAAI is an international nonprofit scientific society for artificial intelligence, founded in 1979, which runs a flagship annual conference and has published a quarterly magazine since 1980. | 1979 |
| Carnegie Mellon University Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh has one of the earliest US computer science departments. Its researchers built the Logic Theorist, Sphinx speech recognition and the Deep Blue lineage, and won the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge. | 1900 |
| Dartmouth College A private Ivy League college in Hanover, New Hampshire, founded by royal charter in 1769. Its 1956 summer research project, proposed by John McCarthy, is credited with launching artificial intelligence as a field. | 1769 |
| Department of Machine Intelligence and Perception, University of Edinburgh The Department of Machine Intelligence and Perception at the University of Edinburgh, created in October 1966 out of Donald Michie's Experimental Programming Unit, was an early British institutional home for artificial intelligence and a forerunner of the university's School of Informatics. | 1966 |
| IBM Research IBM Research built Deep Blue, which beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997, and Watson, which won Jeopardy! in 2011. Nathaniel Rochester of IBM was also one of the four signatories of the 1955 Dartmouth proposal. | 1945 |
| Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) MIT, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts, hosted the AI lab that Marvin Minsky and John McCarthy co-founded, which later became CSAIL. The lab also invented Lisp machines, and Minsky co-wrote the book Perceptrons. | 1861 |
| MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory The MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, formed in 1970 under Marvin Minsky, grew out of MIT's earlier AI group inside Project MAC; in 2003 it merged with the Laboratory for Computer Science to form CSAIL. | 1970 |
| MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), formed in 2003 by merging the MIT AI Lab with the Laboratory for Computer Science, is the largest laboratory on the MIT campus. | 1959 |
| SRI International SRI International is a non-profit research institute in Menlo Park, California, founded in 1946 as the Stanford Research Institute. Its AI Center built Shakey the robot, and its later work led to Siri. | |
| Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (SAIL) The Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, started by John McCarthy in 1963, is associated with the Stanford arm robot design, the Stanley self-driving car and the SAIL programming language. | 1963 |
| Stanford University Stanford University is a private research university in California, home to the Stanford AI Lab (SAIL) and the Institute for Human-Centered AI, which publishes the AI Index. | 1885 |