Fourier GR-1

What it is

The Fourier GR-1 is a humanoid robot built by Fourier, which describes it as the company's first full-size humanoid robot^[2]. Full-size here means the machine is built at roughly human scale rather than as a small desktop device, so it can operate in rooms, corridors and reception areas that were designed around people rather than around robots. Fourier released the GR-1 officially in 2023 and began mass production in the same year^[1][2].

Where it came from

The robot was not a standalone effort. Fourier's humanoid work began with a humanoid project the company started in 2019, and a first-generation prototype was built in 2022; the GR-1 followed on from that line^[1]. The gap between a prototype and a product is a real one. A prototype mainly has to show that the mechanics and control can work at all, while a manufactured unit has to be repeatable, assemblable and deliverable in quantity. Fourier moved the GR-1 to mass production in the same year it announced the machine^[1][2].

What it is used for

According to Fourier, the GR-1 and the later GR-2 cover applications such as guided reception and consulting, and academic research^[2]. These two uses pull in different directions. Reception and consulting work puts the robot in an open space where people are walking around, and asks it to interact with visitors and provide information. Academic research treats the robot as an experimental platform: a group can use a physical humanoid to test ideas about movement control or human-robot interaction, rather than only simulating them. Buying a finished, produced robot instead of building one from scratch changes how much of a lab's time goes into hardware and how much goes into the experiments themselves.

Where it sits in Fourier's lineup

The GRx humanoid series is listed by Fourier as one of its core product lines, alongside rehabilitation hubs, the Galileo system, core components and open-source products^[1]. So the humanoid robot is one line among several, and the others lean toward rehabilitation equipment and the underlying parts that go into such machines.

The line kept moving after the GR-1. In 2025 Fourier open-sourced a humanoid robot, Fourier N1, and a humanoid robot dataset, Fourier ActionNet, alongside the third-generation GR-3 series^[1]. Open-sourcing a robot and a dataset is a different move from shipping machines to customers: it gives outside researchers direct access to hardware designs and to recorded motion data, while the commercial machines are aimed at concrete application settings. Read together, these releases show the GRx line widening from a single product into a series, with an openly shared strand aimed at the research community^[1].

Why it matters

Full-size humanoid robots have largely stayed at the stage of laboratory prototypes. Plenty of research groups can demonstrate a walking, moving machine; fewer organisations turn one into a product that can be manufactured and delivered repeatedly. The GR-1 reaching mass production in its release year is a marker of that shift, from demonstrations toward production schedules^[1][2]. It is also a marker for Fourier itself: the 2019 project, the 2022 prototype and the 2023 production model tie a company's accumulated work to one named machine, and place that machine inside a broader portfolio that also includes rehabilitation and component products^[1].