Models

FunSearch is a method that uses a pretrained large language model inside an evolutionary loop to search for programs that solve mathematical and computational problems, rather than for answers directly. It produced new results on the cap set problem and on online bin packing.

Deep learningReasoningScience

Phi-2 is a 2.7-billion-parameter base language model from Microsoft Research, announced on 12 December 2023. Microsoft reported that it matched or beat models up to 25 times larger on complex benchmarks, making it a reference point for small-model training.

Large language modelsOpen sourceReasoning

GNoME is a Google DeepMind deep-learning tool, announced on 29 November 2023, that predicts new inorganic crystals; it produced 2.2 million candidate structures, of which 380,000 were predicted to be stable.

Deep learningData & datasetsScience

GraphCast is a Google DeepMind machine-learning model that makes global weather forecasts up to 10 days ahead, producing a 10-day forecast in under a minute on a single TPU and outperforming ECMWF's HRES on most tested variables.

Open sourceDeep learningScience

Phi-1.5 is a 1.3-billion-parameter language model from Microsoft Research, trained on curated synthetic "textbook" text rather than web crawls; its report claims natural-language performance comparable to models five times larger.

Large language modelsOpen sourceReasoning

Hunyuan is Tencent's first proprietary large foundation model, unveiled in September 2023 and offered to enterprises through Tencent Cloud. The line was later branded Hy.

Large language modelsChinaEnterprise

Pangu-Weather is a three-dimensional deep-learning model for medium-range global weather forecasting, published in Nature in 2023; on reanalysis data it produced stronger forecasts than ECMWF's operational system across all tested variables.

ChinaDeep learningScience

Phi-1 is a 1.3-billion-parameter Transformer language model for Python from Microsoft Research, which showed that filtered and synthetic "textbook quality" training data can partly substitute for model and data scale.

Large language modelsOpen sourceData & datasets

StarCoder is an open-access code language model of about 15.5 billion parameters, released on 4 May 2023 by the BigCode project led by Hugging Face and ServiceNow.

Large language modelsOpen sourceData & datasets

Amazon Titan is a family of foundation models built by Amazon for Amazon Bedrock, covering text generation, embeddings and image generation. It was announced in 2023 and later succeeded by Amazon Nova.

Large language modelsEnterpriseCloud

Pythia is a suite of 16 open language models from EleutherAI, ranging from 70 million to 12 billion parameters, all trained on the same data in the same order, with 154 public checkpoints from each training run.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

A pair of medical question-answering language models described in arXiv papers of 26 December 2022 and 16 May 2023; the first introduced the MultiMedQA benchmark, and Med-PaLM 2 reached up to 86.5% on MedQA.

Large language modelsSafety & governanceScience

Galactica is a large language model for science, unveiled by Meta AI and Papers with Code in November 2022. Its public demo was taken down about three days later, after users found it produced fake papers.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

RoseTTAFold is a three-track neural network for protein structure prediction, published by the Baker lab in 2021; its accuracy approached AlphaFold2's at CASP14, it models protein–protein complexes from sequence alone, and it is distributed as open code with a public web server.

Research historyOpen sourceDeep learning

AlphaFold2 is DeepMind's protein structure prediction system, announced in 2020. It reached accuracy competitive with experimental methods in many cases, and work in this area received half of the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Research historyDeep learningScience

MuZero is a DeepMind reinforcement-learning algorithm that pairs tree-based search with a learned model. It reached superhuman play in Atari, Go, chess and shogi without being given the environment's rules.

Research historyDeep learningReasoning

T5 is a family of Google Transformer models that recasts every language task as text in, text out. Its 11-billion-parameter version set state of the art on several benchmarks, and the code, models and C4 dataset were released openly.

Large language modelsOpen sourceFoundation models

AlphaStar is a DeepMind system that plays StarCraft II. In 2019 it reached Grandmaster level with all three races, ranking above 99.8% of active players on Battle.net.

Research historyDeep learningReasoning

DeepMind's first protein-structure prediction system, which placed first overall in the 2018 CASP13 blind assessment by estimating probability distributions of distances between residues.

Research historyDeep learningScience

IBM Watson is a question-answering computer system built by an IBM research team led by David Ferrucci; in February 2011 it defeated the two foremost all-time champions of the televised quiz show Jeopardy!

Research historyEnterpriseReasoning