Models

Pangu-Weather is a three-dimensional deep-learning model for medium-range global weather forecasting, published in Nature in 2023; on reanalysis data it produced stronger forecasts than ECMWF's operational system across all tested variables.

ChinaDeep learningScience

An open-source 13-billion-parameter language model from Baichuan, released in Base and Chat versions in July 2023, trained on 1.4 trillion tokens and benchmarked against Meta's LLaMA-13B.

Large language modelsOpen sourceChina

Phi-1 is a 1.3-billion-parameter Transformer language model for Python from Microsoft Research, which showed that filtered and synthetic "textbook quality" training data can partly substitute for model and data scale.

Large language modelsOpen sourceData & datasets

Baichuan-7B is an open-source, 7-billion-parameter language model for Chinese and English released in June 2023, the first model from Baichuan, trained on about 1.2 trillion tokens and evaluated on Chinese and English benchmarks.

Large language modelsOpen sourceChina

StarCoder is an open-access code language model of about 15.5 billion parameters, released on 4 May 2023 by the BigCode project led by Hugging Face and ServiceNow.

Large language modelsOpen sourceData & datasets

Stable LM is Stability AI's family of open language models, first released in April 2023 as 3B- and 7B-parameter alpha versions under licenses that allow commercial use of the base models and research-only use of the instruction-tuned ones.

Large language modelsOpen sourceFoundation models

Pythia is a suite of 16 open language models from EleutherAI, ranging from 70 million to 12 billion parameters, all trained on the same data in the same order, with 154 public checkpoints from each training run.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

An open bilingual chat model from Zhipu AI and Tsinghua KEG with about 6.2 billion parameters, small enough to run on one consumer GPU, with weights fully open for research.

Large language modelsOpen sourceChina

Stable Diffusion 2 is an open-source text-to-image model family released by Stability AI on 24 November 2022, built on a new OpenCLIP text encoder and shipped with upscaling, depth-guided and inpainting models; version 2.1 followed weeks later.

Open sourceGenerative modelsCreative tools

Galactica is a large language model for science, unveiled by Meta AI and Papers with Code in November 2022. Its public demo was taken down about three days later, after users found it produced fake papers.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

GLM-130B is a 130-billion-parameter open bilingual Chinese–English dense language model from Tsinghua University's KEG group and Zhipu AI, built to give researchers an open model that matches GPT-3 at the hundred-billion scale.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

OPT-175B is a 175-billion-parameter language model from Meta AI, announced in May 2022. Meta said it was the first model of its size released with both pretrained weights and the code to train and use them.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

GPT-NeoX-20B is a 20-billion-parameter open autoregressive language model released by EleutherAI in February 2022, with weights under Apache 2.0 and its training code, described by its makers as the largest publicly accessible general-purpose model of its kind at the time.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

RoseTTAFold is a three-track neural network for protein structure prediction, published by the Baker lab in 2021; its accuracy approached AlphaFold2's at CASP14, it models protein–protein complexes from sequence alone, and it is distributed as open code with a public web server.

Research historyOpen sourceDeep learning

GPT-J-6B is a six-billion-parameter open language model released by EleutherAI in June 2021 under the Apache 2.0 license. Its published scores sit close to GPT-3 Curie, making it a widely used free baseline for large-model research.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

GPT-Neo is a family of open text-generation models released by EleutherAI in March 2021 at 125M, 1.3B and 2.7B parameters, built to replicate the GPT-3 architecture and distributed with freely downloadable weights under an MIT license.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

An image-text model from OpenAI that learns to match pictures with their captions. Trained on about 400 million image-caption pairs, it can classify images by comparing them against written prompts, with no task-specific training.

Open sourceFoundation modelsMultimodal

MuZero is a DeepMind reinforcement-learning algorithm that pairs tree-based search with a learned model. It reached superhuman play in Atari, Go, chess and shogi without being given the environment's rules.

Research historyDeep learningReasoning

T5 is a family of Google Transformer models that recasts every language task as text in, text out. Its 11-billion-parameter version set state of the art on several benchmarks, and the code, models and C4 dataset were released openly.

Large language modelsOpen sourceFoundation models

ERNIE 2.0 is Baidu's pre-trained language model framework, published in 2019, which builds pre-training tasks incrementally through continual multi-task learning and reported results above BERT and XLNet on English and Chinese benchmarks.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

Baidu's first ERNIE pre-trained language model, released in March 2019, added entity- and phrase-level masking to BERT-style pre-training and reported state-of-the-art results on five Chinese NLP tasks.

Large language modelsResearch historyOpen source

AlphaStar is a DeepMind system that plays StarCraft II. In 2019 it reached Grandmaster level with all three races, ranking above 99.8% of active players on Battle.net.

Research historyDeep learningReasoning

IBM Watson is a question-answering computer system built by an IBM research team led by David Ferrucci; in February 2011 it defeated the two foremost all-time champions of the televised quiz show Jeopardy!

Research historyEnterpriseReasoning