Data & datasets Products

CIFAR-10 is a labelled image dataset of 60000 32×32 colour images in 10 mutually exclusive classes, split into 50000 training and 10000 test images; it was created by Krizhevsky, Nair and Hinton for training and comparing image classifiers.

A crowdsourced benchmark in which anonymous pairs of language models battle and users vote, producing an Elo leaderboard; launched in 2023 and relaunched as LMArena in 2025.

ImageNet is a large, hierarchical image database built on the WordNet conceptual model and released at Princeton University in 2009. It holds more than 14 million images in 21,841 categories, with bounding-box annotations, and a 1,000-class subset used by the ILSVRC challenge.

Cyc is a hand-built knowledge base and ontology of common-sense knowledge, begun by Douglas Lenat in 1984 to give software the basic concepts and rules about how the world works.

Common Crawl is a nonprofit that has archived the public web since 2007 and gives its petabyte-scale datasets away for free. Its corpus became a core source of training data for large language models.

Wolfram|Alpha is a web service that answers questions by computing results rather than returning links. Built entirely in Mathematica, it went live in test mode on 15 May 2009 and was declared officially launched three days later.

Bing is Microsoft's consumer search brand, launched on 3 June 2009 and pitched as a "Decision Engine" meant to help people make faster, better-informed decisions in areas such as shopping, travel, health and local business.

An open-source Python library for statistical learning, begun in 2007, first released publicly on 1 February 2010 by a team at Inria, and now one of the most popular machine learning programs on GitHub.

A Google search feature announced in 2012 that models real-world entities and their relationships, so that search can work with "things, not strings".

A free, open catalogue that links machine learning papers to their code and maintains benchmark leaderboards tracking the state of the art; built by Atlas ML, majority-owned by Facebook from December 2019, and relaunched as paperswithcode.co by Hugging Face in 2026.

The Hugging Face Hub is the platform where people share machine-learning models, datasets and demo apps. By September 2026 it had more than 3 million models and 18 million users.

An open-source AI model community launched by Alibaba's DAMO Academy with partners in 2022, hosting hundreds of ready-to-use models and promoting "Model-as-a-Service".

A public Hugging Face leaderboard that ran a fixed set of benchmarks on open language models in one identical setup, from 2023 to 2025, so their scores could be reproduced and compared.

Epoch AI's Benchmarking Hub collects benchmark results for leading AI models, including Epoch-run evaluations, and combines many scores into the Epoch Capabilities Index, a single general capability scale.

The UCI Letter Recognition dataset is an archive of 20,000 distorted capital-letter images, each reduced to 16 integer attributes, used to benchmark classification algorithms on a 26-class recognition task.

Apache Hadoop is an open-source framework for distributed storage and processing of big data, with the Hadoop Distributed File System for storage and MapReduce for processing; it grew out of the Nutch web-search project and was first released in 2006.

Kaggle is a data science competition platform and online community founded by Anthony Goldbloom in April 2010, where most submissions are scored instantly on a live leaderboard. Google acquired it in March 2017.

Cinematch was Netflix's own algorithm for predicting what rating a subscriber would give a film. Its accuracy became the baseline of the Netflix Prize, a $1 million contest to beat it by 10 percent.