Interoperability Concepts

Prompt injection is an attack in which text inside a model's input overrides its original instructions, letting an adversary hijack a language-model application — including, as researchers showed in 2023, through content the application retrieves on its own.

The Open Source AI Definition is a 1.0 standard, released by the Open Source Initiative in October 2024, that a model must meet to be called open source: reproducible design, disclosed training data, and freedom to use, modify and build on it.

A multi-agent system is a computing system made of several interacting intelligent agents that coordinate to solve problems too hard for a single agent. Recent frameworks built on large language models let such agents talk to each other.

The Semantic Web is a W3C standards effort that uses RDF and OWL to describe data so different applications, enterprises and communities can share and reuse information, moving from research toward practical tools.

A jailbreak is an adversarial prompt that gets a safety-trained model to produce behaviour its training was meant to prevent. A 2023 analysis by Wei et al. traced these failures to competing objectives and mismatched generalization.

Red teaming is the practice of actively probing a model for harmful or unwanted behaviour before deployment. A 2022 method by Perez and colleagues automated it by using one language model to generate test cases for another.

Content provenance is a checkable record of where a piece of media came from and how it was edited, attached to the file itself. The C2PA, founded in 2021 by Adobe, Arm, BBC, Intel, Microsoft and Truepic, publishes the technical standard behind it.

Text watermarking embeds a hidden statistical signal in generated text so that a short span of tokens can later be identified as machine output, while the text still reads normally to people.