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On August 13, 2024, OpenAI released SWE-bench Verified, a 500-sample human-validated subset of SWE-bench built with the benchmark's original authors from Princeton, after filtering ambiguous tasks and unreliable tests.
An IMF staff analysis published in January 2024 estimated that almost 40 percent of global employment is exposed to AI, with effects uneven across income levels and a risk of widening inequality.
A Goldman Sachs research note published in March 2023 estimated that generative AI could expose the equivalent of 300 million full-time jobs to automation and add 7% to global GDP over a decade.
On 28 July 2022, DeepMind and EMBL-EBI expanded the AlphaFold Protein Structure Database from nearly 1 million to over 200 million predicted protein structures, covering nearly all catalogued proteins known to science.
On 13 April 2019, OpenAI Five — a team of reinforcement-learning bots — beat OG, the reigning Dota 2 world champions, in a best-of-three in San Francisco, and days later won 99.4% of games in a public online arena.
In 2011 Microsoft Research reported that modelling thousands of senones with deep neural networks, trained on GPUs, sharply cut word errors compared with conventional Gaussian-mixture systems in large-vocabulary speech recognition.
In 2011 ACM gave Judea Pearl the A.M. Turing Award for a calculus of probabilistic and causal reasoning, work that began with his invention of Bayesian networks and later produced the do-calculus for causal inference.
In 2007 IBM Research began building a computer that could take on Jeopardy! champions. The project produced the DeepQA architecture and Watson, which beat the show's two top-ranked players in 2011.
Geoffrey Hinton dated the current popularity of "deep learning" to a 2006 paper on deep belief nets, but the same words had earlier uses, including Rina Dechter's work in 1986.
In January 2004 NASA's Spirit and Opportunity landed on Mars carrying autonomous navigation software. The mission was planned around about one kilometre of driving; the rovers went much farther, with a large share of their early driving decided on Mars rather than on Earth.
On 1 November 2001 the W3C started the Web Ontology Working Group, which developed OWL and saw it become a W3C Recommendation on 10 February 2004, before closing in May 2004 having completed its charter.
In January 2000, Carnegie Mellon announced that its NASA-funded rover prototype Nomad was searching for meteorites in Antarctica, and that the public could follow the hunt through the Big Signal Web site. The BBC reported the expedition as the first time a robot found extraterrestrial material on Earth.
TD-Gammon was an IBM backgammon program built by Gerald Tesauro that taught itself to evaluate positions by playing against itself with temporal-difference learning, reaching a level just below top human players and becoming an early landmark for reinforcement learning.
