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In July 2025 the US let Nvidia and AMD resume selling downgraded AI chips to China on condition that 15% of that revenue go to the US government, an unprecedented arrangement that raised questions over whether it amounts to an export tax.
On 13 May 2025, the US Commerce Department moved to rescind the AI Diffusion Rule two days before its compliance date, told officials not to enforce it, and issued guidance on Huawei Ascend chips and Chinese AI model training.
In April 2025 the US told Nvidia that H20 accelerators, the most advanced chips it could legally sell in China, would need export licences, forcing a charge of about US$5.5 billion.
A US Commerce Department interim final rule, effective 13 January 2025, that required licences for exporting advanced computing chips and the model weights of the most advanced AI models, and divided the world into three tiers of access.
On 2 December 2024, BIS added export controls on high-bandwidth memory, 24 types of chipmaking equipment, three software tools and 140 Chinese entities, widening restrictions on China's advanced-node semiconductor production for military and AI uses.
On 17 October 2023 the US Bureau of Industry and Security issued three rules updating its October 2022 chip export controls, changing the chip parameters, adding licence exceptions and requirements, and expanding the Entity List.
On 7 October 2022 the US Bureau of Industry and Security issued two rules restricting China's access to advanced computing chips, supercomputer development and advanced chip manufacturing, setting thresholds that later shaped how Nvidia sold chips in China.
In the early 1970s DARPA sharply cut back support for undirected academic AI research and redirected money toward mission-oriented military projects. Together with the Lighthill report, the cuts are counted among the episodes that led into the first AI winter.
The 1966 report of the Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee, a seven-scientist panel led by John R. Pierce, judged machine translation slower, costlier and less accurate than human translation, and was followed by a sharp cut in US funding.
