Total 1,098
On 7 October 2019 the US Commerce Department added 28 Chinese organisations, including facial-recognition and AI firms such as Hikvision, Dahua, iFlytek, Megvii and SenseTime, to its Entity List, restricting their ability to buy US products.
In September 2019 Boston Dynamics made its quadruped robot Spot commercially available, first through an Early Adopter Program for companies that could put it to practical use and build custom payloads; broader sales followed in 2020.
In July 2019 Baidu released ERNIE 2.0, a continual pre-training framework that adds training tasks incrementally and reported beating BERT and XLNet on 16 tasks. The work was published at AAAI 2020.
In July 2019 Microsoft invested $1 billion in OpenAI and became its exclusive computing partner, with OpenAI's services to run on Microsoft Azure.
The 2018 ACM A.M. Turing Award honored Bengio, Hinton and LeCun for foundational and engineering work in deep learning; they formally received the prize on 15 June 2019 in San Francisco.
On 13 April 2019, OpenAI Five — a team of reinforcement-learning bots — beat OG, the reigning Dota 2 world champions, in a best-of-three in San Francisco, and days later won 99.4% of games in a public online arena.
In April 2019 the EU High-Level Expert Group on AI published ethics guidelines that define trustworthy AI as lawful, ethical and robust, and set out seven requirements for AI systems, later turned into a piloted assessment list.
In March 2019 ACM named Yoshua Bengio, Geoffrey Hinton and Yann LeCun the recipients of the 2018 A.M. Turing Award, citing breakthroughs that made deep neural networks a critical component of computing.
On 11 March 2019 OpenAI announced OpenAI LP, a "capped-profit" company that let it raise outside capital while limiting investor returns. The structure lasted until October 2025.
In March 2019 Baidu released ERNIE, a Chinese language model that models entities and phrases directly, and reported that it outperformed Google's BERT on several Chinese language tasks.
On 14 February 2019 OpenAI announced GPT-2, a 1.5-billion-parameter Transformer that performed several language tasks without task-specific training. It did not release the full model at first, instead releasing it in stages.
On 11 February 2019 the US president signed an executive order creating the American AI Initiative, a coordinated federal strategy that made AI a budget priority and set agencies deadlines on data access, standards and regulation.
In December 2018 DeepMind's AlphaFold placed first overall at CASP13, a blind protein-structure prediction assessment, giving the best prediction for 25 of the 43 hardest targets.
In 2018 the Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems changed its long-standing abbreviation from NIPS to NeurIPS, after critics argued the old acronym encouraged sexism and read as a slur against Japanese.
On 11 October 2018 Google researchers posted the BERT paper to arXiv. BERT uses context from both directions in every layer, and a single added output layer is enough to adapt it to tasks such as question answering.
The first World Artificial Intelligence Conference opened in Shanghai on September 17, 2018, bringing together experts, entrepreneurs and more than 200 leading AI companies from nearly 40 countries and regions, and it has been held in the city every year since.
On 11 June 2018 OpenAI published a paper on generative pre-training: a language model first learns from unlabeled text and is then adapted to specific tasks. The approach improved the state of the art on 9 of the 12 tasks studied.
On 7 June 2018 Google published a set of seven objectives to guide its AI research and products, together with four kinds of application it said it would not pursue.
On 8 May 2018, at its I/O developer conference, Google announced Duplex, a system that holds natural-sounding phone conversations to complete narrow tasks such as scheduling certain appointments.
A European Commission communication adopted on 25 April 2018 that set out three strands of EU policy on artificial intelligence — industrial capacity, preparing people for economic change, and an ethical and legal framework — alongside an investment target of at least EUR 20 billion.
On 18 March 2018 a prototype Uber self-driving car based on a Volvo XC90 struck and killed Elaine Herzberg, 49, as she pushed a bicycle across a road in Tempe, Arizona. It is recorded as the first pedestrian fatality involving a self-driving car.
