Models

OpenAI's April 2025 family of three API models — GPT-4.1, GPT-4.1 mini and GPT-4.1 nano — offering a context window of over a million tokens, low prices per token and stronger coding scores. It was succeeded by GPT-5.

Large language modelsEnterpriseDeveloper tools

Midjourney V7 is an image generation model released as an alpha to Midjourney's community on 4 April 2025, the first of the company's models to have personalization on by default and the first to add a cheap, fast Draft Mode.

Consumer appsGenerative modelsCreative tools

Runway Gen-4 is a video generation model released on 31 March 2025 that keeps characters, locations and objects consistent across shots, working from reference images and text instructions rather than per-project training.

MultimodalGenerative modelsCreative tools

DeepSeek-V3-0324 is a March 2025 update to DeepSeek-V3 that keeps the same model structure while raising benchmark scores and moving to the MIT License.

Large language modelsOpen sourceChina

Wan2.1 is Alibaba's open-source video generation model family, released on 25 February 2025 under Apache 2.0. It creates videos from text or images and can render Chinese and English text.

Open sourceChinaGenerative models

Claude 3.7 Sonnet, released on 24 February 2025, was described by Anthropic as the first hybrid reasoning model on the market, able to answer quickly or think step by step at length. It launched with Claude Code.

Large language modelsAgents & tool useReasoning

Step-Video-T2V is an open text-to-video model with 30 billion parameters. StepFun released its weights, code, a Turbo variant and a technical report under the MIT license on 17 February 2025.

Open sourceChinaGenerative models

An experimental Google model released in February 2025 as part of the Gemini 2.0 family, described by Google as its best yet for coding and complex prompts, with a 2-million-token context window and tool use.

Large language modelsMultimodalCode

OpenAI's small reasoning model released on 31 January 2025, offered to all ChatGPT users including the free tier, with three reasoning-effort levels and developer features such as function calling and Structured Outputs; succeeded by o4-mini in April 2025.

Large language modelsConsumer appsReasoning

Hunyuan3D 2.0 is Tencent's large-scale system for generating high-resolution textured 3D assets: a shape diffusion transformer plus a texture model, released with code and pretrained models on 21 January 2025 alongside its technical report.

Open sourceChinaGenerative models

iFlytek Spark X1 is a Chinese deep-reasoning model released in January 2025 and trained entirely on domestic computing hardware, with later upgrades benchmarked against OpenAI's reasoning models.

Large language modelsChinaReasoning

Veo 2 is a video-generation model Google announced on 16 December 2024, emphasising real-world physics and human movement, with outputs up to 4K that can extend to minutes.

MultimodalGenerative modelsCreative tools

A version of OpenAI's o1 that spends more compute before answering, launched on 5 December 2024 inside the $200-a-month ChatGPT Pro plan and added to the API on 19 March 2025.

Large language modelsConsumer appsReasoning

HunyuanVideo is Tencent's open-source text-to-video generation model, with over 13 billion parameters, released in December 2024. Running it locally needs at least 60GB of GPU memory.

Open sourceChinaMultimodal

Kling 1.6 is a December 2024 upgrade to Kuaishou's Kling video generation model, with better handling of motion and camera instructions in prompts and improved visual quality; it was succeeded by Kling 2.0 in April 2025.

ChinaMultimodalGenerative models

Anthropic's small, fast language model announced in October 2024 as the successor to Claude 3 Haiku, claimed to reach the intelligence of the previous flagship at Haiku-like speed and to be especially strong at coding.

Large language modelsEnterpriseCode

The upgraded Claude 3.5 Sonnet, announced on 22 October 2024, raised coding and agentic scores and introduced computer use in public beta, the first such offer from a frontier AI model.

Large language modelsEnterpriseAgents & tool use

A family of text-to-image models from Stability AI, announced in October 2024: the 8.1-billion-parameter Large, a 4-step Turbo variant and the 2.5-billion-parameter Medium, released under a community licence.

Open sourceGenerative modelsCreative tools

Ministral 3B and Ministral 8B are two small Mistral AI language models released on 16 October 2024 for on-device and edge use, offering long context, low API prices and, for the 3B, performance Mistral claimed beat its earlier 7B model.

Large language modelsEnterpriseHardware & compute

Movie Gen is a set of media foundation models Meta premiered on 4 October 2024. It covers video generation, personalised video, precise video editing and audio generation, and was not released publicly.

Foundation modelsGenerative modelsCreative tools

A closed text-to-image model from Black Forest Labs, released on 2 October 2024 and available only through an API. Black Forest Labs said it generates six times faster than its predecessor, and it reached the top of the Artificial Analysis image arena leaderboard.

Generative modelsCreative toolsImage generation

Qwen2.5 is the Qwen family's September 2024 generation. Its launch included 13 open-weight models, with up to 18 trillion pretraining tokens, 128K context and most models under Apache 2.0.

Large language modelsOpen sourceChina

o1-mini is a smaller, faster and cheaper reasoning model that OpenAI released on 12 September 2024 alongside o1-preview, trained with reinforcement learning to reason step by step and rated particularly effective at coding.

Large language modelsReasoningCode

DeepSeek-V2.5 is a model released on 5 September 2024 that merged DeepSeek's chat and code models into one, keeping both conversational and coding ability while improving safety scores.

Large language modelsOpen sourceChina

Yi-Coder is a family of open-source code models from 01.AI, released in September 2024 in 1.5B and 9B sizes, each with base and chat versions, covering 52 programming languages with context up to 128K tokens.

Large language modelsOpen sourceChina

Kling 1.5 is a September 2024 version of Kuaishou's video generation model, adding 1080p output, a Motion Brush, and quality improvements before being succeeded by Kling 1.6 in December 2024.

ChinaMultimodalGenerative models

CogVideoX is an open-source family of text-to-video models from Zhipu AI and Tsinghua University, released starting in August 2024 and derived from the earlier open-source CogVideo.

Open sourceChinaGenerative models

FLUX.1 is a family of 12-billion-parameter text-to-image models released by Black Forest Labs on 1 August 2024 in pro, dev and schnell variants. The dev version is open-weight, and the variants carry different licenses.

Open sourceGenerative modelsCreative tools

AlphaProof is a Google DeepMind reinforcement-learning system that proves mathematical statements in the formal language Lean. At the 2024 International Mathematical Olympiad it solved three problems, and together with AlphaGeometry 2 reached silver-medal level.

ReasoningScienceSymbolic AI

Mistral AI's second-generation flagship model, released in July 2024 with 123 billion parameters, a 128K-token context window, wide language and code coverage, and weights published under a research license.

Large language modelsEnterpriseCode

Mistral NeMo is a 12-billion-parameter language model released by Mistral AI with NVIDIA in July 2024, notable for a 128K-token context window, a new multilingual tokenizer called Tekken, and an Apache 2.0 release.

Large language modelsOpen sourceHardware & compute

A 7-billion-parameter model released by Mistral AI on 16 July 2024 for mathematical and STEM reasoning, built on Mistral 7B, openly licensed, and now listed as deprecated.

Open sourceReasoningScience

Codestral Mamba is a 7B open code model from Mistral AI, released in July 2024, that swaps the Transformer for the Mamba state-space architecture to get linear-time inference.

Open sourceDeveloper toolsCode

iFlytek's large language model released on 27 June 2024 and trained entirely on a domestic platform co-built with Huawei; iFlytek presented it as reaching GPT-4 level while acknowledging weaker coding and multimodal abilities.

Large language modelsChinaFoundation models

ESM3 is a protein generative model announced by EvolutionaryScale in June 2024 that reasons over sequence, structure and function together, and generated a fluorescent protein estimated to sit over 500 million years of evolution away from known ones.

Open sourceFoundation modelsGenerative models

Claude 3.5 Sonnet, released on 20 June 2024, was the first model of the Claude 3.5 family. It ran twice as fast as Claude 3 Opus at the mid-tier price and powered the new Artifacts and Projects features.

Large language modelsEnterpriseConsumer apps

An open-source mixture-of-experts code model from DeepSeek, released in June 2024, that widened language coverage and context length over its predecessor and reported benchmark results above several closed models.

Large language modelsOpen sourceChina

Runway's 2024 video generation model, trained jointly on video and images, with finer temporal control such as keyframing; later extended with an API, video-to-video and Act-One performance capture.

MultimodalGenerative modelsCreative tools

Codestral is Mistral AI's family of code models, first released in May 2024 as an open-weight 22B-parameter model with a 32K context window, followed by faster and longer-context versions aimed at IDE code completion.

Large language modelsDeveloper toolsCode

Veo is a generative video model from Google DeepMind, announced at Google I/O on 14 May 2024. Google described it as its most capable video model, able to produce 1080p clips longer than a minute and later succeeded by Veo 2.

MultimodalGenerative modelsCreative tools

Google's text-to-image model announced at I/O in May 2024, which Google described as its highest-quality image generator, with fewer visual artifacts and improved text rendering.

Generative modelsCreative toolsImage generation

Snowflake's open-weight model with 480 billion total and 17 billion active parameters, built as a dense-MoE hybrid, released in April 2024 under Apache 2.0 and trained for under 2 million dollars.

Large language modelsOpen sourceEnterprise

DBRX is Databricks' openly licensed large language model, a mixture-of-experts transformer with 132 billion total parameters and 36 billion active per token, announced on 27 March 2024.

Large language modelsOpen sourceEnterprise

StarCoder2 is a family of open code models in 3B, 7B and 15B sizes, released in February 2024 by BigCode (Hugging Face and ServiceNow) with NVIDIA and trained on The Stack v2, published together with its dataset and training code.

Large language modelsOpen sourceData & datasets

Stable Diffusion 3, announced by Stability AI on 22 February 2024, is a suite of 800 million to 8 billion parameter models that pairs a diffusion transformer with flow matching.

Open sourceGenerative modelsCreative tools

DeepSeekMath is a 7B-parameter open language model built for mathematical reasoning and released in 2024. It reached 51.7% on the competition-level MATH benchmark without external tools, and introduced GRPO, a reinforcement-learning algorithm that uses less memory than PPO.

Large language modelsOpen sourceChina

Spark V3.5 is a large language model that iFlytek released on 30 January 2024. It was the first Spark model trained entirely on the domestic FlyingStar One computing platform, and iFlytek compared it with GPT-4 Turbo.

Large language modelsChinaFoundation models

AlphaGeometry is a Google DeepMind system that pairs a neural language model with a symbolic deduction engine to solve olympiad geometry problems, reaching near gold-medal level on a benchmark of 30 problems.

Open sourceReasoningScience

Midjourney V6 is a version of Midjourney's image generation model, released in alpha on 21 December 2023 and trained from scratch over nine months; its 6.1 update followed in July 2024.

Consumer appsGenerative modelsCreative tools

FunSearch is a method that uses a pretrained large language model inside an evolutionary loop to search for programs that solve mathematical and computational problems, rather than for answers directly. It produced new results on the cap set problem and on online bin packing.

Deep learningReasoningScience

Google's second-generation text-to-image model, released in December 2023, whose standout feature was rendering legible text and logos inside generated images.

EnterpriseGenerative modelsCreative tools

GNoME is a Google DeepMind deep-learning tool, announced on 29 November 2023, that predicts new inorganic crystals; it produced 2.2 million candidate structures, of which 380,000 were predicted to be stable.

Deep learningData & datasetsScience