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The first World Artificial Intelligence Conference opened in Shanghai on September 17, 2018, bringing together experts, entrepreneurs and more than 200 leading AI companies from nearly 40 countries and regions, and it has been held in the city every year since.
In January 2018, Microsoft Research Asia's R-NET and then an Alibaba model scored above the human baseline on SQuAD, a machine reading comprehension benchmark — the first time a system had exceeded human exact-match performance there.
In May 2017 AlphaGo beat Ke Jie, then the world's top-ranked Go player, in all three games of a match at the Future of Go Summit in Wuzhen, China. DeepMind retired the program from competition afterwards.
In late 2017 a Reddit user going by the name "deepfakes" posted face-swapped videos, and the word became the common label for synthetic media made with deep learning.
In December 2016 Alphabet spun its self-driving car project out into a separate company, Waymo, turning a long-running research effort into a business that supplies self-driving technology rather than cars.
In August 2016 NVIDIA CEO Jensen Huang hand-delivered the first DGX-1, a turnkey eight-GPU deep learning machine, to OpenAI in San Francisco — an early piece of dedicated AI hardware at a young research lab.
At CVPR 2016 in Las Vegas, the Best Paper Award went to "Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition" by Kaiming He, Xiangyu Zhang, Shaoqing Ren and Jian Sun. Google Scholar later reported it as the most cited research paper over five years.
In March 2016 DeepMind's AlphaGo beat Lee Sedol, an 18-time world champion Go player, 4–1 in a five-game match in Seoul, a result watched by more than 200 million people worldwide.
In December 2015 a group of entrepreneurs and AI researchers founded OpenAI in San Francisco as a non-profit research company whose stated aim was to advance digital intelligence for humanity's benefit rather than financial return.
Toyota announced in November 2015 that it would create the Toyota Research Institute, a separately incorporated artificial intelligence research company, with $1 billion over five years and former DARPA programme manager Gill Pratt as chief executive.
On 9 January 2014 IBM announced the Watson Group, a business unit for cloud-delivered cognitive services, backed by more than $1 billion and about 2,000 professionals — an attempt to turn Watson into a commercial platform rather than a research project.
In late 2013 Facebook launched Facebook AI Research (FAIR), with Yann LeCun as its first director. The lab's open research model shaped Meta's later AI work, including PyTorch and the Llama models.
ICLR was founded in 2012 by Yann LeCun and Yoshua Bengio, and first met in Scottsdale, Arizona, in May 2013, with paper decisions posted publicly on OpenReview.
On 25 October 2012, Microsoft's Rick Rashid demonstrated a system in Tianjin that turned his spoken English into computer-generated Chinese speech, built on deep neural networks that sharply cut recognition errors.
NASA's Curiosity rover landed on the floor of Gale Crater on 6 August 2012 Universal Time, lowered on a tether by a rocket-powered descent stage that then cut the cords and flew off to a controlled crash.
On 7 May 2012 Nevada's DMV issued the first US licence for an autonomous vehicle, a Toyota Prius fitted with Google's self-driving technology, after tests on highways, Carson City streets and the Las Vegas Strip.
On 10 April 2012 DARPA announced a challenge to build ground robots that can carry out complex tasks in dangerous, degraded, human-built environments, backing it with a $2 million prize and a list of tasks from driving a vehicle to closing a valve.
A Google Research team trained a 9-layer sparse autoencoder on 10 million unlabeled images, reported a face detector learned without face labels, and reached 15.8% accuracy on 20,000 ImageNet categories.
In December 2011, iFlytek said its voice cloud passed ten million total users, after its cloud-based voice input method won awards and received MIIT recognition as a secure, controllable cloud computing solution.
In 2011 Microsoft Research reported that modelling thousands of senones with deep neural networks, trained on GPUs, sharply cut word errors compared with conventional Gaussian-mixture systems in large-vocabulary speech recognition.
In February 2011 IBM's Watson beat Jeopardy! champions Brad Rutter and Ken Jennings in two televised matches, winning USD 77,147 for charity — a public test of machine question-answering, and IBM's chosen successor to its 1997 chess victory.
