Companies

Google, part of Alphabet, works on AI at several levels at once: it designs its own TPU chips, trains large language models such as PaLM and Gemini, and brought its research labs together as Google DeepMind in 2023.

Consumer appsFoundation modelsHardware & compute

Google Brain was a deep-learning research team started inside Google's X in 2011. Its cat-recognition experiment, TensorFlow, sequence-to-sequence models and the Transformer made it central to modern AI; it merged into Google DeepMind in 2023.

Research historyDeep learningHardware & compute

A London-headquartered AI research organisation formed in 2023 by merging DeepMind with Google's Brain team, known for AlphaGo, AlphaFold and the Gemini model family.

Research historyDeep learningFoundation models

Google's research division, based in Mountain View and usually dated to 2000, produced the Transformer, BERT and T5 — the work underlying modern large language models.

Large language modelsResearch historyDeep learning

British chip company founded in 2016 in Bristol that designs Intelligence Processing Units for AI workloads; it raised large sums, reported heavy losses, and became a SoftBank Group subsidiary in 2024.

EnterpriseHardware & computeData & datasets

Honda Motor Co., Ltd. is the company that built ASIMO, the humanoid robot it announced in Tokyo on 20 November 2000, following humanoid robotics research that began in 1986 and ran through a series of experimental walking machines.

Research historyProduct historyRobotics

Chinese supplier of advanced driver assistance and automated driving systems for passenger cars, founded in 2015, the largest domestic provider by installation volume, and listed in Hong Kong in 2024.

ChinaEnterpriseRobotics

HHMI is a private biomedical research institution founded in 1953 that funds scientists at all career stages and runs the Janelia Research Campus.

Research historyScienceBiomedicine

Huawei is a Chinese information and communications technology company founded in Shenzhen in 1987. It designs its own Ascend AI chips and the software and large computing systems built around them.

ChinaEnterpriseHardware & compute

Huawei's artificial intelligence research centre, founded in 2012 and part of the company's 2012 Laboratories, with sites in China, Hong Kong, Europe and Canada and research spanning vision, language, search and recommendation, and decision-making.

ChinaEnterpriseDeep learning

Hugging Face is an AI platform company founded in 2016. Its Hub shares models, datasets and demo apps, its libraries include Transformers, and in September 2026 Nvidia agreed to acquire it.

Open sourceFoundation modelsData & datasets

A Chinese chip designer founded in 2014 that builds x86-compatible processors and DCU accelerators, listed on the STAR Market in 2022 and positioning itself around a self-developed C86 plus GPGPU product line.

ChinaEnterpriseDeep learning

IBM is an American technology company founded in 1911 as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company and renamed International Business Machines in 1924. Its researchers built Deep Blue, which beat Garry Kasparov in 1997, and the Watson question-answering system.

Research historyEnterpriseProduct history

IBM Research built Deep Blue, which beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997, and Watson, which won Jeopardy! in 2011. Nathaniel Rochester of IBM was also one of the four signatories of the 1955 Dartmouth proposal.

Research historyEnterpriseHardware & compute

A Swiss artificial intelligence institute founded in 1988 and now a joint institute of USI and SUPSI, known for LSTM and other neural-network research.

Research historyDeep learningRobotics

iFlytek is a Chinese information technology company founded in 1999 and headquartered in Hefei. It is known for speech technology and for its Spark large language models, first released on 6 May 2023.

Large language modelsChinaEnterprise

A Chinese artificial intelligence infrastructure company that builds the middle layer letting many models run on many kinds of chips, and also releases the open Megrez model family.

ChinaEnterpriseFoundation models

Inflection AI is an American AI company founded in 2022 by Reid Hoffman, Mustafa Suleyman and Karén Simonyan. It built the chatbot Pi and, in 2024, moved most of its staff and technology to Microsoft.

Large language modelsEnterpriseConsumer apps

Informatica is an American software company founded in 1993 that sells enterprise cloud data management and data integration software, from data catalog and governance to master data management. It went public in 1999, was taken private in 2015, relisted in 2021, and was acquired by Salesforce in 2025.

EnterpriseData & datasetsCloud

A software-focused investment firm that dates its software investing to a 1995 bet, reports over $90 billion in regulatory assets under management, and has invested in more than 900 companies worldwide.

EnterpriseDeveloper toolsCloud