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Elephants Don't Play Chess

Rodney Brooks's 1990 paper argued for building artificial intelligence from the ground up, with ongoing physical interaction with the environment as the main constraint on design, rather than through the abstract manipulation of symbols that had dominated the field for roughly thirty years.

ALVINN: An Autonomous Land Vehicle in a Neural Network

A 3-layer back-propagation network that takes camera and laser range finder images and outputs the direction to steer, trained on simulated road images and tested on Carnegie Mellon's autonomous navigation test vehicle.

Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms

A 2017 paper by Schulman, Wolski, Dhariwal, Radford and Klimov that introduced proximal policy optimization (PPO), a reinforcement learning method that is much simpler to implement and tune and became OpenAI's default RL algorithm.

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