W3C issues RDF and OWL Recommendations
On 10 February 2004 the W3C approved RDF and OWL as Recommendations, making the two Semantic Web specifications official Web standards for machine-readable data.
Total 227 · Clear filters
Spirit and Opportunity land on Mars with autonomous navigation
In January 2004 NASA's Spirit and Opportunity landed on Mars carrying autonomous navigation software. The mission was planned around about one kilometre of driving; the rovers went much farther, with a large share of their early driving decided on Mars rather than on Earth.
W3C launches the Web Ontology Working Group
On 1 November 2001 the W3C started the Web Ontology Working Group, which developed OWL and saw it become a W3C Recommendation on 10 February 2004, before closing in May 2004 having completed its charter.
Nomad autonomously searches for meteorites in Antarctica
In January 2000, Carnegie Mellon announced that its NASA-funded rover prototype Nomad was searching for meteorites in Antarctica, and that the public could follow the hunt through the Big Signal Web site. The BBC reported the expedition as the first time a robot found extraterrestrial material on Earth.
IBM launches the Deep Computing Institute
In 1999 IBM launched the Deep Computing Institute, building on its experience with Deep Blue to apply advanced computing to complex technological and business problems.
Mars Pathfinder lands and deploys the first planetary rover
On July 4, 1997, NASA's Mars Pathfinder landed on Mars and deployed Sojourner, the first wheeled vehicle operated on another planet, beginning an uninterrupted period in which at least one spacecraft has operated at Mars.
IBM Deep Blue defeats Kasparov in a match
In May 1997 IBM's Deep Blue beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov 3.5–2.5 in a six-game match in New York, the first time a computer defeated a reigning world champion under standard tournament time controls.
The first official RoboCup games and conference
The first official RoboCup games and conference, held in 1997 as planned with IJCAI-97 in Nagoya, drew more than 40 real and simulated teams and over 5,000 spectators, and marked the first step toward robotic soccer players that could beat a human World Cup champion team.
Mars Pathfinder launches with the Sojourner rover
Mars Pathfinder launched on December 4, 1996, from Cape Canaveral on a Delta II rocket, carrying a lander and the small rover Sojourner. Between them the two vehicles flew four instruments, one of them a spectrometer mounted on the rover itself.
Pre-RoboCup-96, the first robot soccer competition
Held in Osaka in November 1996 alongside IROS-96, Pre-RoboCup-96 was the first robot soccer competition aimed at research and education, with eight simulation-league teams and a middle-size robot demonstration; official RoboCup games followed in 1997.
Deep Blue plays Garry Kasparov in Philadelphia
In February 1996 IBM's Deep Blue played reigning world champion Garry Kasparov in a six-game match in Philadelphia, winning game one before Kasparov took the match 4–2.
IJCAI-95 announces the first Robot World Cup games
At IJCAI-95 in Montreal in August 1995, organizers announced the first Robot World Cup, to be held with IJCAI-97 in Nagoya, and set up Pre-RoboCup-96 plus the Soccer Server simulator.
Apple ships the Newton MessagePad
On August 2, 1993, Apple shipped the Newton MessagePad, the first product built on its Newton technology and the company's first handheld computing device. Its troubled launch contributed to John Sculley's replacement as CEO by Michael Spindler.
Apple licenses ParaGraph cursive handwriting recognition for Newton
In June 1993, Apple's Personal Interactive Electronics division signed an agreement with ParaGraph International to use ParaGraph's cursive handwriting recognition technology in the Newton family, with further development planned at ParaGraph's Sunnyvale facility.
The Robot World Cup Initiative is launched
In June 1993, researchers including Minoru Asada, Yasuo Kuniyoshi and Hiroaki Kitano proposed a robot soccer competition tentatively called the Robot J-League. International interest soon led to its renaming as the Robot World Cup Initiative, or RoboCup.
Robot soccer is proposed as an AI grand challenge
In 1992, Alan Mackworth's paper on seeing robots and a Tokyo workshop on AI grand challenges independently put forward robot soccer as a way to drive AI and robotics research.
TD-Gammon developed at IBM
TD-Gammon was an IBM backgammon program built by Gerald Tesauro that taught itself to evaluate positions by playing against itself with temporal-difference learning, reaching a level just below top human players and becoming an early landmark for reinforcement learning.